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自考写作小练习
例1
Thefollowing passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study thepassage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words.Make surethat your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.
The PositiveEffects of Owning a Dog on Children
Dogsare the best friend of children. The dog and the child teach each other thingsand they look after each other. Owning a dog can have positive effects on achild’s development. Having a dog develops a child’s sense of responsibility, broadenshis capacity for empathy, and teaches him the nature of friendship.
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Anotherlesson that a child can learn from having a dog is how to be empathetic. A dogcannot express itself with speech, so its owner must learn to understand whatthe dog’s behavior means. Is the dog frightened, aggressive, or sick? The childneeds to understand what is going on in the dog’s mind. The result of learningto read a dog’s behavior is that the child develops mpathy. By learning how toempathize with a dog, the child also learns how to empathize with other people.This leads to the child becoming a more considerate and caring person.
Beingconsiderate and caring are important characteristics in a good friend.One ofthe most significant benefits of owning a dog is the example of true friendshipthat a dog provides. A dog gives unconditional love to its owner. A dog willnot stop loving its owner because of a little anger, indifference, or neglect.A dog will wait patiently for its owner to pat its head and say a few kindwords. This acceptance of the negative qualities and appreciation for the positivequalities of its owner provide a wonderful model of how to be a good friend. Achild who has learned to be as good a friend to others as his dog is to himwill have learned one of the most valuable lessons in life.
Theseare some of the most important lessons a child will ever learn. The benefits ofowning a dog will last in the child’s entire lifetime. The understanding andappreciation of responsibility, empathy, and friendship that a child developsfrom the experience of having a dog will help him or her grow into a reliable,caring, and mature adult.
答案：
Having a dog helps achild learn how to act responsibly. As a dog owner, the child must take care ofthe animal’s daily needs. The dog must be fed and exercised every day. The dogis completely dependent on its owner for all its needs, including the need forgood health and a safe environment. If the child forgets any of theseresponsibilities, or ignores any of the dog’s needs, the dog will suffer. Thisteaches the child that his responsibility to the dog is more important than hisdesire to play with his toys, talk on the phone, or watch TV.
例2
Thefollowing passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study thepassage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make surethat your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided。
The Doubt That Haunts
When most people areasked to produce something creative, they freeze. They panic. They choke. Theyseize up with self-doubt “Creativity?” they say. “Not me!” If you disbelievethis statement, consider how often you try new things in your life. How readilydo you try something creative, such as writing, drawing or singing? Most of usbelieve we can’t create and have believed it for so long that the belief hasbecome reality. People possess a large capacity for self-doubt about theircreative ability in terms of writing, drawing, and music.
Writing offers aclassic example. About 90 percent of adults believe they cannot write, althoughnearly all young children believe they can write. Self-doubt seems to creep inas we grow older. I witnessed this last year in a college writing class whenthe instructor asked the students if they ever wrote outside of school. Onestudent raised his hand. When the instructor asked how many students thought ofthemselves as writers, no students—zero out of twenty—raised a hand. Bycontrast, a first grade teacher had asked her students the same questions andreceived quite different responses. Did any first graders write outside ofschool? Twenty out of twenty-two hands shot up. Did any first graders think ofthemselves as writers? Twenty-two out of twenty-two hands went up. Plainly,adults are more self-conscious about their creativity than children are.
Drawing is anothercreative ability that many adults doubt they have. For instance, at a recentfamily party I suggested we play “Pictionary,” which involves drawing clues forsecret words. “Absolutely not!” my family said “We can’t draw.” The interestingpart, however, is that we played “Pictionary” and had a wonderful time withsome very creative drawings. This experience showed me that people often doubtthey can be creative because they haven’t tried.
Self-doubt aboutcreativity in areas such as writing, drawing, or music seems nearly universalamong adults. It seems probable, however, that almost all adults have thecapacity for creativity in those areas. People all have the potential to becreative and would be able to express their creative side as long as they try.What keeps people from being creative? In my opinion y people are afraid oflooking inept, so they hesitate to try creative things. If people would learnto do things to please themselves rather than to please others, maybe theirdoubts would disappear.
答案：
Self-doubt aboutmusical ability is also common. For example, at sporting events where thenational anthem is sung, many people just mouth or whisper the words, eventhough in such a crowd their individual voices would not be heard. Recently,however, I was at a football game when the electricity failed and thetape-recorded national anthem could not be played. The crowd sang without accompanimentand sounded pretty good, though nearly all of them were convinced that theycouldn’t “carry a tune in a bucket.” Obviously many people doubt they can becreative because they fear the results will not be perfect.
例3
The following passage is incomplete with one paragraph missing. Studythe passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Makesure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.
Enjoying Your Camping Trip
Each year, thousands ofpeople choose to spend their vacations camping in the tent in the greatoutdoors. With proper planning the experience can be gratifying. Even with thebest planning, however, tent camping can be an extremely frustrating experiencedue to uncontrolled factors such as bad weather, wildlife encounters, andequipment failures.
Nothing can dampen theexcited anticipation of camping more than a dark, rainy day. After reachingtheir destination, campers must then “set up camp” in the downpour. Thisincludes keeping the inside of the tent dry and free from mud, getting thesleeping bags situated properly, and protecting food from the downpour. Windmixed with rain can result in frigid temperatures, causing any outsideactivities to be delayed. Often, tents are blown down by the wind, and campershave to begin the frustrating task of “setting up camp” in the downpour.
Another problem likely to befaced during a camping trip is nm-ins with wildlife, which range from mildlyannoying to dangerous. Minor inconveniences include mosquitoes and ants. Theswarming of mosquitoes can literally drive annoyed campers indoors. Ants do notusually attack campers, but keeping them out of the food can be quite aninconvenience. In addition to swarming the food, ants inside a tent can crawlinto sleeping bags and clothing. Although these insects cause minor discomfort,some wildlife encounters are potentially dangerous. There are many poisonoussnakes in the woods. An encounter between an unwary camper and a surprisedsnake can prove to be fatal.
Perhaps the least seriouscamping troubles are equipment failures; these troubles often plague peoplecamping for the first time. They arrive at the campsite at night andhaphazardly set up their tent. They then settle down for a peaceful night’srest. Sometime during the night the campers are awakened by a huge crash. Thetent has fallen down. Sleepily, they proceed to set up the tent in the rain. Inthe morning, everyone emerges from the tent, except for two. Their sleeping bagzippers have gotten caught. Finally, after fifteen minutes of struggling, theyfree themselves, only to realize another problem. Their sleeping bags have beentouching the sides of the tent. Since a tent is only waterproof if the sidesare not touched, the sleeping bags and clothing are all drenched.
答案：
Camping is a favoritepastime of people in many countries, yet these three types of camping troublescan strike campers almost anywhere no matter how well they have planned for thecamping in advance. Until some brilliant scientist invents a weather machine tocontrol bad weather or a wonder drug to keep away wildlife, unlucky camperswill continue to shake their fists in frustration. More than likely, equipmentfailures will continue to be a bother. If you want camping to be a happyexperience for you, learn to laugh at leaky tents, bad weather and bugs.
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