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1999年全国职称英语等级考试试卷及答案
综合与人文类（A级）第一部分一、词汇（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
下面共有20个句子，每个句子下面有4个选项。其中1～10句的每个句子中均有一
处空白，请从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案：11～20句的每个句子中均有1个词或
词组划有底横线，请从4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或词组代替
句中的划线部分。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1.I didn#39;#39;t help him. I would have I didn#39;#39;t have the money.
A) or B) but C) otherwise D) still
2.What did he say in the letter? I really can#39;#39;t it out.
A) make B) put C) run D)give
3.They called the match because of rain.
A)out B)off C)back D)upon
4.The result of the experiment was not to publish.
A)interesting B)too interesting C)enough interesting D)so interesting
5.I could hear nothing except the roar of aircraft engines which all
other sounds.
A)overcame B)overtook C)suppressed D)drowned
6.I am sure the soup tastes .
A)well B)deliciously C)goodly D)good
7.Teenagers who discover they were often search for their biological
parents when they
are old enough.
A)adapted B)adopted C)brought up D)looked after.
8.The French Revolution was a period of ,but produced some great
literature.
A)chaos B)interest C)imagination D)success
9.There is a tendency to childless women as being hard and career-
orientated.
A)use B)make C)believe D)regard
10. you become famous your private life comes under public scrutiny.
A)However B)Once C)Whatever D)Until
11.I wonder what your aim in life is.
A)symbol B)goal C)action D)attitude
12.It is useless to argue with him once he has made up his mind.
A)settled B)solved C)said D)decided
13.The father was unwilling to give his son the keys to his car.
A)reluctant B)eager C)pleased D)angry
14.As a writer,he turned out three novels that year.
A)refused B)read C)produced D)accepted
15.Winston Churchill gave a moving speech.
A)nervous B)foolish C)stirring D)fast
16.We tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the
topic.
A)put B)suit C)confine D)resort
17.It doesn#39;#39;t stand to reason that he would lie.
A)seem logical B)look pleasant C)appear obvious D)sound important
18.Fields neighbouring the nuclear plant are higher than regular
levels of radioactivity.
A)significant B)usual C)important D)harmful
19.The investigation covers an extremely broad spectrum of topics.
A)number B)gap C)range D)selection
20.When we visited the country,our principal impression was one of
poverty and hardship.
A)main B)central C)unforgettable D)strong
二、阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，共50分）
下面有5篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，每个问题后面都有4个备选答案。请仔
细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 >4个备选答案中选择1个最佳答案
涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Let Them Watch It
One hot night last July, when our new baby wouldn#39;#39;t or couldn#39;#39;t
sleep, I tried everything I could think of: a warm bottle, songs,
gentle rocking. Nothing would settle him. Guessing that I had a long
night ahead of me, I brought a portable TV into his room, figuring
that watching the late movie was as good a way as any to kill off the
hours until dawn. To my surprise, as soon as the TV lit up, the baby
quieted right down, his little eyes focused brightly on the tube. Not
to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tip-toed out of the room,
leaving him to watch the actors celebrate John Bellushi#39;#39;s forty-fifth
birthday. My wife and I heard no more of the baby that night, and the
next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV
himself.
I found in my baby#39;#39;s behaviour a metaphor (暗喻) for the new
generation. My wife and I had given him some books to examine, but he
merely spit upon them. When we read to him, he did not feel
comfortable. And so it is in the schools. We find that our students
don#39;#39;t read, that they look down upon reading and scold those of us
who teach it. All they want to do is watch TV. After this experience
with the baby, however, I have reached a conclusion: let them watch
it. If television is that much more attractive to children than
books, why should we fight it? Let then watch it all they want!
21. The author brought a TV set into his son#39;#39;s room to
A) make his son stop crying.
B) spend the night watching TV.
C) leave it to his son.
D) make his son fall asleep as soon as possible.
22. The baby#39;#39;s reaction to the TV was
A) unexpected. B) exciting. C. awful. D. calm.
23. From the passage we know that the author is
A) a doctor. B) an editor. C) a writer. D. teacher.
24. According to the passage, which is true of the school children?
A) They prefer reading to watching TV.
B) They like watching TV only after school.
C) They would rather watch TV than read books.
D) They like their teachers who teach them reading.
25. What do you think is the author#39;#39;s attitude toward TV expressed in
the last two sentences?
A) Angry. B) Serious. C) Ironical. D) Joking.
第二篇 Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population.
Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they
had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there
are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease
in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the
population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency (依赖) load.
In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to
work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In
hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up
might be left behind to die. In times of famine (饥荒), infants might
be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents
starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another
child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation
to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great
many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or
are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire
at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for
their retirement, somebody else must support them. I the United
States many retired people love on social security checks which are
so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more
illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or
private or government insurance, they must often #39;#39;go on welfare#39;#39; if
they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile (年老的) or too weak and ill to care
for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the
past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at
home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working
or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick
or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and
convalescent hospitals (康复医院) have been built. These are often
profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious
and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are
good, most of them are simply #39;#39;dumping grounds#39;#39; for the dying in
which #39;#39;care#39;#39; is given by poorly paid, overworked and underskilled
personnel.
26. The author believes that the population explosion has resulted
from
A) an increase in birth rates.
B) the industrial development.
C) a decrease in death rates.
D) human beings#39;#39; cultural advances.
27. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering
cultures
A) it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive.
B) the survival of infants was less important than that of their
parents in times of starvation.
C)old people lived on social security checks.
D) the survival of infants was more important than that of their
parents in times of starvation.
28. According to the passage, which of the following statements about
the old people in the
United States is TRUE?
A) Many of them have a hard life.
B) They can live a decent life even without enough bank savings.
C) They rely mainly on their children for financial support.
D) Most of them live with their children and therefore are well
looked after.
29. In paragraph three, the phrase #39;#39;this need#39;#39; refers to the need
A) to prolong the dying old people#39;#39;s lives.
B) to enrich the life of the retired people.
C) to build profit-making nursing homes.
D) to take care of sick or weak people.
30. Which of the following best describes the author#39;#39;s attitude
toward most of the nursing
homes and convalescent hospitals?
A) Sympathetic. B) Unfriendly. C)Optimistic. D)Critical.
第三篇 Television: First Digital Broadcasts Are Transmitted
The age of digital television kicked off on November 1, 1998, ac
about 40 TV stations around the United States aired the first digital
broadcasts. Few people were able to experience the new technology,
however, as high equipment costs and other drawbacks (缺点) have
deterred (阻止) most consumers from purchasing the type of TV sets
needed to receive the broadcasts.
The date was a target set by industry and government officials to
begin moving television from the current analog (模拟）standard to a
digital one. Digital television (also known as high-definition
television, or HDTV) allows stations to broadcast high-resolution
pictures and digital-quality sound, or alternatively to transmit as
many as six different programs in the same amount of broadcast
spectrum currently used by one analog broadcast. Sports events,
feature films, and hit prime-time shows were some of the digital
broadcasts planned by major networks in November.
But because few television stations have installed the expensive
technology, some observers estimate that as few as 100 of the newly
introduced digital television sets had been sold across the country
at the November 1 milestone. Prices for the first HDTV systems on the
market start at about $7000 each, and the sets are not compatible
with cable television systems. Cable-ready digital sets are not
expected to be available until November 1999, according to an
agreement between television manufacturers and the cable industry
that was announced in early November.
A number of stations actually got a jump on the November 1 kickoff
when they aired a live digital broadcast of the launch of the space
shuttle Discovery, which carried 77-year-old astronaut John Glenn, on
October 29.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has mandated (要求) that
the broadcasting industry reach certain milestones as part of the
implementation of digital television. For example, all network
affiliates (分支机构) in the top 10 U.S. markets must introduce
digital broadcasting by May 1, 1999; all affiliates in the top 30
markets must do so by November 1, 1999; and all commercial stations,
by May 1, 2002, at which time stations will the transition to digital
television be completed by the end of 2006, at which time stations
will surrender their analog spectrum. But this date could be extended
if digital television has not penetrated at least 85 percent of the
market.
31. Few people were able to enjoy digital broadcasts on November 1,
1998 because
A) manufacturers of TV equipment had not yet produced enough HDTVs.
B) many TV viewers had gone out to play football.
C) equipment needed to receive the digital signals had been too
expensive.
D) TV stations hadn#39;#39;t installed the digital technology to make
programs.
32 . One of the advantages of digital television is that
A) it will surely attract more television viewers.
B) it can make full use of the current channels.
C) costs of making television programs will be reduced.
D) HDTV systems are completely compatible with cable TV systems.
33. From an agreement between TV manufacturers and the cable
industry, we can infer that
A) cable systems will be separated from HDTV systems.
B) digital television sets will be made compatible with cable
television systems.
C) HDTV stations will help cable TV companies technologically.
D) HDTV stations will support cable TV companies financially.
34. According to the passage, which of the following statements is
true?
A)Digital television technology was actually used in launching the
space shuttle
Columbia.
B) 77-year-old astronaut John Glenn got his first HDTV on October 29.
C) The number of digital TV stations increased dramatically on
November 1.
D) Several digital television stations aired a broadcast of the
launch of Discovery.
35. According to FCC#39;#39;s schedule.
A) all TV stations must introduce digital broadcasting by May 1, 2002.
B) digital systems must penetrate at least 85 percent of the market
by May 1, 1999.
C) the best 10 TV networks must begin digital broadcasting by
November 1, 1999.
D) all TV stations will stop broadcasting analog programs by the end
of 2006.
第四篇 Great Escape
The Man of Many Secrets -- Harry Houdini -- was one of the greatest
American entertainers in the theater this century. He was a man
famous for his escapes -- from prison cells, from wooden boxes
floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water. He appeared in
theaters all over Europe and America. Crowds came to see the great
Houdini and his #39;#39;magic#39;#39; tricks.
Of course, his secret was not magic, or supernatural powers. It was
simply strength. He had the ability to move his toes as well as he
moved his fingers. He could move his body into almost any position he
wanted.
Houdini started working in the entertainment world when he was 17, in
1891. He and his brother Theo performed card tricks in a club in New
York. They called themselves the Houdini Brothers. When Harry married
in 1894, he and his wife Bess worked together as magician and
assistant. But for a long time they were not very successful. They
Harry performed his first prison escape, in Chicago in 1898. Harry
persuaded a detective to let him try to escape from the prison, and
he invited the local newspapermen to watch..
It was the publicity that came from this that started Harry Houdini#39;#39;s
success. Harry had fingers trained to escape from handcuffs and toes
trained to escape from ankle chains. But his biggest secret was how
he unlocked the prison doors. very time he went into the prison cell,
Bess gave him a kiss for good luck -- and a small skeleton key, which
is a key that fits many locks, passed quickly from her mouth to his.
Harry used these prison escapes to build his fame. He arranged to
escape from the local jail of every town he visited. In the
afternoon, the people of the town would read about it in their local
newspapers, and in the evening every seat in the local theater would
be full. What was the result? World-wide fame, and a mane remembered
today.
36. According to the passage, Houdini#39;#39;s in prison escapes depends on
A) his magic tricks and unhuman powers.
B) his special tricks and supernatural powers.
C) his unusual ability and a skeleton key.
D) his unhuman talents and magic tricks.
37. In the fourth paragraph, the word #39;#39;this#39;#39; refers to
A) his first prison escape. B) the publicity
C) Harry Houdini#39;#39;s success. D) the year 1898
38. Where did Houdini perform his first prison escape?
A) In the local theatre. B) In Europe. C) In New York. D) In Chicago.
39. It can be inferred from the passage that Houdini became famous
A) when he was about 24. B) when he was about 17.
C) in 1894. D) before he married.
40. According to the passage, which of the following statements is
true?
A) Houdini was a famous American magician.
B) Theo helped Houdini build his fame.
C) Houdini entered the entertainment world together with his wife.
D) Bess was as famous as Houdini.
第五篇 Automobile
An automobile is a self-propelled (自动驱动的) vehicle used primarily
on public roads but adaptable to other surfaces. Automobiles changed
the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United States
and other industrialized nations. From the growth of suburbs to the
development of complicated (复杂的) road and highway systems, the so-
called horseless carriage has forever altered the modern landscape.
The manufacture, sales, and servicing of automobiles have become key
elements of industrial economies; indeed, the health of a country#39;#39;s
automobile industry in large measure determines the health of the
entire economy. But along with greater mobility (流动性) and job
creation, the automobile has brought air and noise pollution, and
automobile accidents rank among the leading causes of death and
injury throughout the world. But for better or worse, the 1900s can
be called the Age of the Automobile, and cars will no doubt continue
to shape our culture and economy as we enter the 21st century.
Automobiles are classified by size style, number of doors, and
intended use. The typical automobile, also called a car, auto,
motorcar, and passenger car, has four wheels and can carry up to six
people, including a driver. Larger vehicles designed to carry more
passengers are called vans, omnibuses, or buses. Those used to carry
cargo are called pickups or trucks, depending on their size and
design. Minivans are van-style vehicles built on a passenger car
frame that can usually carry up to eight passengers.
In 1995 manufacturing plants in 25 countries produced more than 36
million passenger cars. Japan built more passenger cars than any
other country: 7.6 million compared to 6.3 million cars manufactured
in the United States. About 8.6 million cars were sold in America in
1995, and nearly half of them were bought by businesses.
The automobile is built around an engine. Various systems supply the
engine with fuel, cool it during operation, lubricate (润滑) its
moving parts, and remove waste gases it creates. The engine produces
mechanical power that is transmitted to the automobile#39;#39;s wheels
through transmission systems. Suspension systems, which include
springs and shock absorbers, cushion the ride and help protect the
vehicle from being damaged by bumps, heavy loads, and other stresses.
Wheels and tires (轮胎) support the vehicle on the roadway and, when
rotated by powered axles (车轴), propel the vehicle forward or
backward. Steering and braking systems provide control over direction
and speed. An electrical system starts and operates the engine,
monitors and controls many aspects of the vehicle#39;#39;s operation, and
powers such components as headlights and radios. Safety features such
as bumpers, air bags, and seat belts help protect passengers in an
accident.
41. An automobile can be defined as
A) a self-propelled vehicle. B) a truck. C) a bus. D) a carriage.
42. Which of the following statements in NOT necessarily true?
A) Automobiles changed industrialized nations in the 20th century.
B) Automobiles have shaped our culture and economy.
C) Automobiles have brought noise and air pollution.
D) Automobiles are the safest transportation vehicles in the world.
43. The automobile that has four wheels and that can carry no more
than six people is called
A) an omnibus. B) a pickup. C) a passenger car. D)a minivan
44. In 1995, passenger cars were built in the United States.
A) 36 million B) 7.6 million C) 6.3 million D) 8.6 million
45. We can infer that a car#39;#39;s good can make driving on rough roads a
relatively
smooth and comfortable experience.
A) transmission systems B) suspension systems
C) steering and braking systems D) electrical and safety systems
第二部分
三、概括大意 （共5题，第小题2分，共10分）
下面的一篇短文共分五段，每段说明一个主题。其主题可以用一个或几个单词表
示出来，该单词或词组是不完整的，即有一个词是空出来，但其第一个（或前几
个）字母已经给出，请将其余的字母补全，使之成为一个完整的单词。答案一律
写在试卷相应的位置上。
Advertisements
46. T of Advertisement Readers
When you see a clever advertisement in a newspaper, do you say to
yourself, #39;#39;Ah, that#39;#39;s good. I#39;#39;d like to have one of those#39;#39;? Or do you
say, #39;#39;What lies are they telling this time ? It can#39;#39;t be very good or
they wouldn#39;#39;t have to advertise it so cleverly#39;#39;? Both of these people
exist: the first are optimists; the second pessimists and realists.
47. B One May Get From Reading Honest Advertisements
Advertisements can be extremely useful if they are honest: if, let us
say, you have broken your pen and you want to buy another, the first
thing to do is to look at as many ,advertisements for pens as you can
find. That will help you to choose the model, colour and price that
suit you. Advertisements save a lot of time and trouble by putting
sellers in touch with buyers in a quick and simple way. If the
advertisements are true and accurate, the customers will be satisfied
and will probably buy from the same firm next time and advise their
friends and acquaintances to do the same.
48. Tr of Dishonest Advertisers
The really dishonest advertiser hopes to sell his goods quickly and
to make a large profit on them before the customers#39;#39; reactions begin.
He knows that no customers will buy from him a second time, and that
none will recommend his products to their friends. But there are also
semi-dishonest advertisers who make claims for their products which
they know perfectly well to be incapable of verification (证实), like
advertising that a particular substance - which it in fact does -
knowing that this substance is in fact neither beneficial nor harmful
to the teeth. Such advertisements do not tell downright (直截了当的)
lies, but their advertising is deliberately misleading.
49. F of Advertising
If there was no advertising, fewer goods would be sold, so the cost
of each article would be higher. The more you advertise, the more
cheaply you can afford to sell your products. Advertising also
encourages (or forces) makers to improve their goods continually. One
manufacturer of soap-powder claims that his product does not harm
housewives#39;#39; hands, and 青岛信息港s the opinions of prominent doctors to
prove this. All other soap-powder manufacturers are forced to make
their products harmless too.
50. I between the Advertiser and the Customer
As advertisers become more and more expert at their work, they appeal
to all the human emotions in the effort to increase sales: greed,
jealousy, love of a bargain, fear of the disapproval of other people,
fear of ill health, the desire to catch a husband, the desire to show
off, and many others. But more and more customers are also becoming
suspicious of and resistant to high-powered advertising. This is
producting, in highly sophisticated countries, a deliberately modest,
self-deprecating (自贬的) advertisement that is intended to disarm
the customer#39;#39;s suspicions by giving an impression of absolute
sincerity (诚恳), or even of deliberate understatement.
四、完形填空（共10题，每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下面的短文，其中有10处空白，根据短文的内容在文中的空白处填上适当的
字母，使之构成一个完整的单词。该单词的第一个字母已经给出。答案一律写在
试卷相应的位置上。
Germany and its Bread-eating Culture
You can tell a lot about a country from its bread. A baguette (法式长
面包) expresses the French gift for structure and style. No food
could be more sensible than an English brown loaf. But a (51) the
great bread-eating cultures, Germany stands out, and not just because
Germans eat so much more of it: 81 kilograms a year per person in
1994,c (52) with 56 in France and 52 in Britain.
German bread comes in the sort of variety that irritated Napoleon
when f (53) with the countless little German kingdoms and states of
the Holy Roman Empire: over 400 kinds of bread and ,it is claimed,
more than 2,000 different sorts of roll. Far f (54) dying out, German
bakers#39;#39; variety seems to be increasing.
De Gualle complained a (55) the ungovernability (难以管理) of a land
of 300 cheeses. Well-governed Germans cope, as their baker do, by
federalism (联邦制) and coalitions (联盟). Governments come in many
mixtures-Social, Christian and Free Democratic, as well as Green.
Like German loaves, they t (56) to be solid, uniformly structured out
of different grains and ver long-lasting.
At one time you could say where in Germany d (57) kinds of bread were
eaten. Now bakers in all parts of the country offer every sort of
regional speciality. Because of war, division or simply the ease of
travel, most Germans these days turn out, like their bread, to come
from s (58) else.
The pains of unity also have an echo at the bakery. Easterners often
wonder what successful western Germans have left them that was
theirs. One thing is the small breakfast r (59).As with so much in
eastern Germany, this was the old-fashioned kind. The new, western
roll was a product of technology and marketing: bigger and lighter,
but also, some bread-lovers complain, with less flavour. The
traditional, eastern roll is still sought after, though now made in
ultra-modern (极其现代化的) eastern b (60) built since unity.
1999年全国职称英语等级考试试题答案
综合人文类 A级
第一部分
一、词汇
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.C
16.C 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.A
二、阅读理解
21.B 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.C 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.D 31.C 32.B 33.B 34.D
35.D 36.C 37.A 38.D 39.A 40.A 41.A 42.D 43.C 44.C 45.B
第二部分
三、概括大意
46.Typs 47.Benefits 48.Tricks 49.Function(s) 50.Interactions
四、完形填空
51.among 52.compared 53.faced 54.from 55.about 56.tend
57.different 58.somewhere 59.roll 60.bakerieshttp://jianlimoban.c321.cn/
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