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2022年职称英语等级考试(综合类A级)真题附答案和解析
真题是指真正在省级以上测试中出现过的原题，多出现在考试资料、练习册中。下面是小编收集整理的2022年职称英语等级考试(综合类A级)真题附答案和解析，希望对大家有帮助！
职称英语等级考试(综合类A级)真题附答案和解析1
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.
A.unclear B.obvious C.major D.minor
2.The sea turtle’s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.
A.greatly B.suddenly C.generally D.slightly
3.I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.
A.instructing B.notifying C.pushing D.inviting
4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.
A.raise B.pose C.experience D.handle
5.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.
A.ignored B.organized C.caused D.received
6.Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.
A.spend B.take C.last D.stand
7.At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.
A.energetic B.happy C.alone D.busy
8.Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.
A.shaking B.turning C.jumping D.shouting
9.A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.
A.reported B.proved C.praised D.caught
10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.
A.anxious B.sure C.sad D.afraid
11.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.
A.give B.attach C.lose D.understand
12.Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.
A.doubting B.saying C.thinking D.knowing
13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.
A.maintained B.recommended C.considered D.acknowledged
14.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking sciencecourses.
A.relative B.general C.continuous D.sharp
15.She always finds fault with everything.
A.criticizes B.simplifies C.evaluates D.examines
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
The Forbidden Apple
New York used to be the city that never sleeps. These days it’s the city that never smokes,drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning intothe Forbidden Apple.
If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park, could you have one? No chance.Drinking alcohol in public isn’t allowed. If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs(碎屑)of your sandwich, you could be arrested. It’s illegal. If you went to a bar for a drink and acigarette, that would be OK, wouldn’t it? Er... no. You can’t smoke in public in New York City.
What’s going on? Why is the city that used to be so open-minded becoming like this? Themayor of New York is behind it all. He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizensfrom doing what they want, when they want.
The press are shocked. Even the New York police have joined the argument. They recentlyspent $100, 000 on a “Don’t blame the cop” campaign. One New York police officer said, “Weraise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws. It’s all aboutmoney. ”
The result is a lot of fines for minor offences. Yoav Kashida, an Israeli tourist, fell asleep on thesubway. When he woke up, two police officers fined him because he had fallen asleep on twoseats (you mustn’t use two seats in the subway). Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined forblocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway.
The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City law it isacceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.” He should know.The police came to his office and took away his ashtray(烟灰缸).
But not all of New York’s inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugarry, 72, said, “The city haschanged for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live. ”Nixon Patotkis, 38, a barman, said, “I like the new laws. If people smoked in here, we’d gohome smelling of cigarettes.”
Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100, 000 people than 193 otherUS cities. And it’s true—it’s safer, cleaner and healthier than before. But let’s be honest—whogoes to New York for its clean streets?
16.Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.Eating apples in the park is illegal.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.The businessmen like the new laws.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.Elle and Serge Schroitman parked their car on the public driveway.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21.The editor of Vanity Fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22.New York is cleaner and safer than before.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Are You a Successful Leader?
1 Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. At work or at play, you will I findyourself in groups, working with other people: your team at work, a meeting with colleagues,your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a day out walking inthe mountains, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes. It is now recognized that beingable to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success, partly becausewe need to do it so often.
2 In almost every situation where you’re in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groupsneed leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weakleaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feeldissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are oftenarguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Somepersonalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin not to come tomeetings in order to avoid more disharmony.
3 Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carluccio says, “True leadersare born and you can spot them in kitchens.” They’re people who combine toughness,fairness and humour. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders,most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught. Our professional andexperienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders don’tmake people do things in a bossy, controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone,encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.
4 Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which arenecessary to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fearsabout being a leader. Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent. They need to beable to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure. Lastly, andprobably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get onwith a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others andgood leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.
23.Paragraph 1 ______
24.Paragraph 2 ______
25.Paragraph 3 ______
26.Paragraph 4 ______
A.A good leader needs a variety of qualities.
B.These techniques are used to train leaders.
C.Training can make good leaders.
D.Most of good leaders are natural-born.
E.It’s important to have a good leader.
F.People are in groups
27.One of the major keys to success is __________.
28.Groups often break down because of __________
29.Good leaders always avoid __________.
30.Self-confidence is the key to__________.
A.the ability to work with others
B.encouraging group members
C.lack of good leaders
D.bossing people around
E.working out good strategies
F.overcoming fears about being a leader
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 The Smell of Money
For many years large supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money by pumping thesmell of freshly-baked bread into their stores. Now Dale Air, a leading firm of aroma(香气)consultants, has been approached by Barclay’s Bank to develop suitable artificial smellsfor their banks. Researchers have suggested that surrounding customers with the “smell ofmoney” will encourage them to feel relaxed and optimistic and give them added confidencein the bank’s security and professionalism.
But before a smell can be manufactured and introduced into banks’ air conditioning systems, itmust be identified and chemically analyzed, and this has proved to be difficult. The problem isthat banknotes and coins tend to pick up the smell of their surroundings. So cash that hasbeen sitting in a cash register at a fishmonger’s(鱼贩)will smell of fish, and banknotes usedto pay for meals in restaurants will tend to smell of food.
It may be a challenge, but aroma experts have little doubt that the use of artificial smells canbe an effective form of subconscious advertising. Lunn Poly, a British travel company,introduced the smell of coconuts(椰子)into its travel agencies and saw a big increase inspending by holiday makers. Many cafes now have electric dispensers(自动售货机)that releasethe smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances, subtly encouraging customers to comein and have a drink or snack. Even prestigious car maker Rolls-Royce has been spraying theinside of its cars to enhance the smell of the leather seats.
“The sense of smell is probably the most basic and primitive of all human senses,” explainsresearcher Jim O’Riordan. “There is a direct pathway from the olfactory(嗅觉的)organs in thenose to the brain. ” It is certainly true that most people find certain smells incredibly strong,stirring memories and feelings in a way that few other stimulants can rival. It is aphenomenon marketing consultants have long recognized, but until recently have been unableto harness. “We’ve made great progress but the technology of odour production is still in itsinfancy,” says O’Riordan. “Who knows where it will take us.”
31.Artificial smells have NOT been used in
A.cafes.
B.banks.
C.travel agencies.
D.supermarkets.
32.Researchers believe that introducing the “smell of money” into banks will encourage people
A.to spend money.
B.to feel confident about banks.
C.to earn more money.
D.to withdraw money from banks.
33.The difficulty of producing the “smell of money” lies in that
A.people’s attitudes toward money are different.
B.it’s hard to identify and analyze it.
C.no technology can do it.
D.experts have no motive.
34.The word “harness” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A.see.
B.study.
C.control.
D.understand.
35.Researchers think
A.artificial smells help to improve people’s memory.
B.the technology to produce artificial smells is in the early stage.
C.artificial smells are harmful.
D.the production of artificial smells is profitable.
第二篇 Spoilt for Choice
Choice, we are made to believe, is a right. In daily life, people have come to expect endless situations about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main, these are just annoying moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower, or during lunch breaks like choosing which type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to. But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to another can have serious or lifelong consequences. More complex decision-making is then either avoided, postponed, or put into the hands of the army of professionals, lifestyle coaches, lawyers, advisors, and the like, waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee. But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their wares.
The main impact of endless choice in people’s lives is anxiety. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness, even paralysis(瘫痪), in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease. Recent surveys in the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not really needed. The advertisers and the manufacturers are, nonetheless, satisfied.
It is not just their availability that is the problem, but the speed with which new versions of products come on the market. Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time that goods hit the shelves. Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The classic example is computers, which are almost outdated once they are bought. At first, there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers, but now there are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine. This makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing: no choice, no anxiety.
The plethora(过剩)of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people around the world, people have more choice about where they want to live and work—a fairly recent phenomenon. In the past, nations migrated across the earth in search of food, adventure, and more hospitable environments. Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history. So the mobility of people is nothing new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.
36.Sometimes people ask professionals to help them make decisions because
A.the decisions may have serious impact on their lives.
B.only professionals have the right to do that.
C.they have sufficient money to pay.
D.they have emotional problems.
37.When people cannot easily decide what to buy, which of the following is the least possible choice?
A.Giving up.
B.Walking away.
C.Buying an unsuitable item.
D.Seeking advice.
38.Why do products have a short lifespan nowadays?
A.They are of poor quality.
B.They are quickly replaced with new ones.
C.They have too many versions.
D.They are not designed by computers.
39.How does migration today differ from that of the past?
A.People now migrate to find better jobs.
B.People now migrate for better life.
C.People now migrate for better environments.
D.People now have more choice about where to migrate.
40.Which of the following best expresses the writer’s view on choice?
A.Better more choice than no choice.
B.Better no choice than more choice.
C.All choice is easy.
D.More choice, more anxiety.
第三篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?
Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusualnot to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They findthat the phones are more than a means of communication — having a mobile phone showsthat they are cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems fromthe use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobilephone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that thereis no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of somepeople who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can bedetected with modern scanning(扫描)equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had toretire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone forabout six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctorblamed his mobile phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-techmachines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phonecompanies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worryabout.
As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phonesless often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phoneonly when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially inemergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad foryour health. So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.
41.People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A.they’re popular.
B.they’re cheap.
C.they’re useful.
D.they’re convenient.
42.The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by
A.cured.
B.removed.
C.discovered.
D.caused.
43.The salesman retired young because
A.he disliked using mobile phones.
B.he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.
C.he couldn’t remember simple tasks.
D.his employer’s doctor persuaded him to.
44.On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies
A.deny the existence of mobile phone radiation.
B.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.
C.try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.
D.hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about.
45.The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people
A.to buy mobile phones.
B.to regular phones.
C.to use mobile phones less often.
D.to stop using mobile phones.
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Mt. Desert Island
The coast of the State of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight linerunning from the southernmost coastal city to the northern most coastal city would measureabout 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel morethan ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline________ (46) At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain rangethat towered above the sea. As the glacier(冰川)descended, however, it expendedenormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.
As the mountains sank, ocean, water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land,former a series of twisting inlets and lagoons(咸水湖). The highest parts of the formermountain in range, nearest the shore, remained as islands ________ (47) Marine fossils foundhere were 225 feet above sea level indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.
The 2,500-mile-long rocky coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly two thousand islands.Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to thriving communities.Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands. Measuring 16miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands. ________ (48).
For years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, afforded summerhomes for the wealthy. Recently though, Bar Harbor has become a rapidly growing artscommunity as well. But, the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known asAcadia National Park. Because tile island sits on the boundary line between the temperate(温带)and sub-Arctic zones, the island suppers the plants and animals of both zones as well asbeach inland, and alpine(高山的)plants. ________ (49) The establishment of Acadia NationalPark in 1916 means that this natural reserve will be perpetually available to all people, not justthe wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as wellas enjoy camping, cycling and boating. Or they may choose to spend time at the archeologicalmuseum, learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island.
The best view on Mt. Desert Island is from the top of Cadillac Mountain. ________ (50) Fromthe summit, you can gaze back toward the mainland or out over the Atlantic Ocean andcontemplate the beauty created by a retreating glacier.
A.It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds.
B.Mt. Desert Island is one of the most famous of all the islands left behind by the glacier.
C.The wealthy residents of Mt. Desert Island selfishly kept it to themselves.
D.The term comes from the activity of the ice age.
E.This mountain rises 1, 532 feet, making it the highest mountain on the Atlantic seaboard.
F.It is split almost in half by Somes Sound, a deep and narrow stretch of water, seven mileslong.
第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Sex Change Surgery Guidelines Drafted
China is set to issue its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery, according to a noticeput on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday. The ministry is now soliciting(征求)public and professional ____ (51) on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims toregulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery.
Experts ____ (52) nearly 2, 000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100,000to 400, 000 are still considering it. However, no official number is available. In the draft, theMOH sets minimum ____ (53) for both surgical candidates and medical institutions.
Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single, the draft guideline said. They arealso required to prove a persistent ____ (54) for a sex change, to live for at least fiveconsecutive years full-time in the new gender role, and to engage in mental therapy for atleast one year.
Before surgery can take place, a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operationfrom a____ (55) after an appropriate series of therapy sessions. Also, several legalrequirements must be met____ (56) the procedure. The candidate must provide proof frompolice that he or she does not have any criminal ____ (57) in the past. Police must also agreeto change the sex status on the identity card of the prospective(未来的)receiver before the____ (58) can take place.
The advent(出现)of such a guideline is believed to show that the government is concerned____ (59) the needs of a relatively small number of people who want to change sex. Butdoctors also warn ____ (60) all stakeholders, including the hospital and prospective receivers,should be highly cautious about this surgery.
The operation is more than a medical ____ (61) due to its huge social and legal consequences.Doctors should make it clear to those ____ (62) sex-change surgeries that the option alwaysremains to continue to live in the original role. The guideline ____ (63) surgeons to tellpatients about other options such as hormone therapy. They are also required to explain the____ (64) involved, and underlying social barriers including discrimination, andadministrative recognition and approval.
For the candidates, the surgery itself is not the ____ (65) issue in the long run. The real issueis the kind of life he or she will have to lead afterward.
51.A.policies B.places C.opinions D.services
52.A.acknowledge B.estimate C.suggest D.advocate
53.A.pattern B.record C.criteria D.example
54.A.problem B.desire C.effort D.feedback
55.A.psychologist B.physicist C.chemist D.geologist
56.A.before B.after C.under D.during
57.A.courts B.offences C.tendencies D.damages
58.A.accident B.debate C.conference D.operation
59.A.about B.with C.to D.of
60.A.if B.while C.what D.that
61.A.procedure B.care C.condition D.examination
62.A.following B.helping C.studying D.seeking
63.A.recommends B.puts C.requires D.warns
64.A.risks B.differences C.reasons D.facts
65.A.social B.big C.economic D.current
2010年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案
1 A 2 A 3 C 4 D 5 C
6 D 7 A 8 A 9 C 10 D
11 D 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 A
16 A 17 B 18 C 19 C 20 B
21 A 22 A 23 F 24 E 25 C
26 A 27 A 28 C 29 D 30 F
31 B 32 B 33 B 34 C 35 B
36 A 37 D 38 B 39 D 40 D
41 B 42 C 43 C 44 D 45 C
46 D 47 B 48 F 49 C 50 E
51 C 52 B 53 C 54 B 55 A
56 A 57 B 58 D 59 A 60 D
61 A 62 D 63 C 64 A 65 B
其中：
第一部分：第1～15题，每题1分，共15分;
第二部分：第16～22题，每题1分，共7分;
第三部分：第23～30题，每题1分，共8分;
第四部分：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分;
第五部分：第46～50题，每题2分，共10分;
第六部分：第51～65题，每题1分，共15分。
试卷满分：100分。
2010年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析
1.A 题意：不知什么原因，这项简单的运动变得非常流行。
划线词的词义是“不清楚的，不明了的”。A项unclear意为不清楚的;例句：Reason of attack remainsunclear.攻击的原因仍不清楚。B项obvious意为明显的;例句：It is obvious that she is very clever.很明显，她挺聪明。C项major意为较大的，主要的;例句：The city holds the major portion of thepopulation in the country.那个城市聚集了全国大部分人口。D项minor意为较小的，不重要的。例句：We can only make minor concessions, but it might break the deadlock.我们只能做些较小的让步，但这就可能打破僵局。很明显A项正确。
2.A 题意：海龟的自然生存环境大大地恶化了。
划线词是副词(adv )，其词义是“相当大的”。A项greatly意为大大地;例句：His writing has improvedgreatly in this semester.这学期他的写作有了很大进步。B项suddenly意为突然地;例句：Suddenly hebegan to shriek loudly.突然他开始大声尖叫起来。C项generally意为一般地;例句：Generallyspeaking，women live longer than men.一般而言，女人的寿命比男人长。D项slightly意为轻微地。例句：He is slightly drunk.他有些醉了。很明显A项正确。
3. C 题意：我从Moira那里得到一张便条，催促我尽快联系。
urge是一个及物动词(vt.)，其词义是“催促”。A项instruct意为教导，指示;例句：His uncle instructedhim in French.他的叔叔教他法语。B项notify意为宣告，通知;例句：Please notify us of any change ofaddress.地址如有变动，请通知我们。C项push意为催促;例句：You’d better not push me for ananswer to your request.你最好不要催促我答复你的请求。D项invite意为邀请;例句：She showed meher gratitude by inviting me to dinner.她邀请我吃晚饭以表示感谢。很明显C项正确。
4.D 题意：完全有可能以不同的方式来处理这个问题。
划线词approach的词义是“处理;对待”。A项raise意为抬起，提高;例句：He was raised tomanagement level.他被提到管理层。B项pose意为提出;例句：Allow me to pose several questions.允许我提出几个问题。C项experience意为体验，经历;例句：He experienced a pang of sadness.他感到一阵悲痛。D项handle意为处理。例句：I was impressed by her handling of the affair.我觉得她对此事的处理很了不起。很明显D项正确。
5.C 题意：入侵的决定引起了抗议的风暴。
划线词provoke是一个及物动词(vt.)，其词义是“引起，激发”。A项ignore意为忽视;例句：If there’sone meal that is ignored nowadays, it is breakfast.如果有一顿饭被忽视的话，那就是早餐。B项organize意为组织;例句：The meeting was badly organized.会议组织得很糟。C项cause意为引起，使发生;例句：Many diseases are caused by bacteria.许多疾病是由细菌引起的。D项receive意为收到。例句：He must start to question received opinion.他必须开始质疑自己已经接受的观点。很明显C项正确。
6.D 题意：简说她无法忍受这么长时间。
划线词是一个及物动词(vt.)。该划线词tolerate的词义是“容忍”。A项spend意为花费;例句：You reallyshouldn’t spend so much effort on it.你真不应该在这件事上花费这么大的精力。B项take意为拿，取;例句：Please take the trash to the garbage can.请将垃圾扔到垃圾筒里去。C项last意为持续;例句：The hot weather lasted until September.炎热的天气持续到九月。D项stand意为站立，忍受。例句：I don’t think the chair is firm enough to stand on.我觉得这椅子不够稳固，不能站人。很明显D项正确。
7.A 题意：佩克八十岁时仍然精力旺盛地生活在巴黎。
划线词的词义是“精力旺盛的”。A项energetic精力旺盛的;例句：His son is an energetic child.他儿子是个精力旺盛的孩子。B项happy幸福的;例句：The old couple have a happy life.那对老夫妇过着幸福的生活。C项alone单独的;例句：No one knows why he is always alone.没有人知道为什么他总是一个人。D项busy繁忙的。例句：It seems that she has a busy day today.好像她今天很忙。很明显A项正确。
8.A 题意：福雷斯特盯着看他的车，气得发抖。
划线词的词义是“发抖，战栗”。A项shake意为发抖;战栗，例句：His voice shook with fear.他害怕得声音发抖。B项turn意为转动;例句：Turning to the left of me, I glimpsed the quays，the harbor.我把头转由左方，一眼望见了港口的码头。C项jump意为跳跃;例句：Jumping and throwing have differentcompeting arenas.跳跃和投掷项目的竞技场所不同。D项shout意为呐喊。例句：He was slapped for hisshouting.他因大喊大叫而受到斥责。很明显A项正确。
9.C 题意：在营救两名儿童之后，一年轻男子被欢呼拥之为英雄。
划线词hail的词义是“向……欢呼致贺”。A项report意为报告;例句：It is reported that 20 people werekilled in the accident.据报道，这次事故有20人死亡。B项prove意为证明;例句：The facts proved herassumption wrong.事实证明她的设想是错的。C项praise意为称赞，表扬;例句：The teacher praisedher for her courage.老师赞扬了她的勇气。D项catch意为抓住。例句：I caught him peeping at mypaper.他偷看我的论文时被我当场抓住了。很明显C项正确。
10.D 题意：我想请她外出，但害怕她可能拒绝。
划线词scared的词义是“吃惊的，害怕的”。A项anxious意为忧虑;例句：I’m very anxious about thespeech contest.我对此次演讲比赛十分忧虑。B项sure意为肯定;例句：I think you are not quite sureabout it.我认为，你们对这一点并不能完全肯定。C项sad意为悲伤;例句：Her eyes moistened as shelistened to the sad story.听着这悲伤的故事，她的眼睛湿润了。D项afraid意为担心，害怕。例句：I’mafraid that 1 will be late.我担心我要迟到了。很明显D项正确。
11.D 题意：当时我们没有理解所发生事情的重要性。
划线词的词义是“领会，理解”。A项give意为给;例句：Have you given the waiter a tip?你给侍者小费了吗?B项attach意为附上，加上;例句：I attach a copy of my notes for your information.我附上笔记一份供你参考。C项lose意为丢失，丧失;例句：I lost my wallet yesterday.我昨天丢了钱包。D项understand意为理解，领悟。例句：I don’t understand what you’re talking about.我不明白你在说什么。很明显D项正确。
12.B 题意：安德森离开了桌子，同时说道他有些工作要去做。
划线词的词义是“说，讲”。A项doubt意为怀疑;例句：I doubt the truth of it.我怀疑此事的真实程度。B项say意为说;例句：Be quiet, I’ve something to say to you.安静，我有话要对你们讲。C项think意为想;例句;Independent thinking is an absolute necessity.独立思考是绝对必要的。D项know意为知道。例句：There’s no knowing what they will do.没法知道他们会做些什么。很明显B项是正确选项。
13.A 题意：他断言核能是一种安全而又无污染的能源。
划线词词义是“主张，断言”。A项maintain意为主张，强调;例句：He maintains that there are no shortcuts to effective management.他断言，有效的管理没有捷径可走。B项recommend意为推荐;例句：Irecommended (you) meeting him first.我建议(你)先见见他。C项consider意为考虑;例句：Pleasetake time to consider the problem.请仔细考虑一下这个问题。D项acknowledge意为承认。例句：Heis unwilling to acknowledge defeat.他不愿认输。很明显A项正确。
14.C 题意：该项研究还表明选学理科课程的大学生数量在持续下降。
划线词的词义是“稳定的，持续的”。A项relative意为相关的;例句：The teacher asked me somequestions relative to my paper.老师问了我一些和我的论文有关的问题。B项general意为总的;例句：Iget the general impression that they aren’t very happy.我对他们的总体印象是他们过得并不是很幸福。C项continuous意为连续的;例句：The atmosphere is a continuous layer of gases.大气圈是连续的气体层。D项sharp意思为急剧的。例句：The car turned sharp left.那部车向左急转弯。很明显C项正确。
15.A 题意：她总是事事加以非难(挑剔)。
find fault with词义是“挑剔，找毛病，批评”。A项criticize意为批评;例句：You should not criticizehim so harshly in his face.你不应该当面这么严厉地批评他。B项simplify意为简化;例句：That willsimplify my task.那会简化我的工作。C项evaluate意为评价;例句：Let’s evaluate the evidence.让我们评定一下此证据的价值。D项examine意为调查，考试。例句：It is necessary to examine how theproposals can be carried out.有必要调查一下怎样才能实施这些方案。很明显A项正确。
第2部分：阅读判断
16.A 题意：在纽约，近来一些活动已变成非法。
关键词为Some activities一些活动;become illegal变成非法;in New York在纽约。根据文中第1段的第1行和第2行：“纽约曾是不夜城，而今却是禁烟、戒酒、不超规之城。”以此判断A项正确。
17.B 题意：现在在纽约的任何地方吸烟或饮酒都是非法的。
关键词为illegal，非法;to smoke or drink alcohol吸烟或饮酒;anywhere in New York在纽约的任何地方。
根据文中第2段的倒数第2句：“如果你去酒吧喝一杯酒、吸一支烟，这是可以的，……?”以此判断应选B项。
18.C 题意：在公园吃苹果是非法的。
关键词为Eating apples吃苹果;illegal非法。
通读全文可知，在全文中没有出现“在公园中吃苹果”，以此可判断应选C项，没有提及。
19.C： 题意：实业家(商人)们喜欢新的法律。
关键词为The businessmen实业家，商人;like喜欢;the new laws新的法律。
在全文中没有有关“实业家(商人)”的任何表述，以此判断应选C项，没有提及。
20.B 题意：Elle和Serge Schroitman把他们的车停在了公共停车道上。
关键词为Elle and Serge Schroitman(人名);parked their car停车;public driveway公共停车道。
根据文中第5段的第3行末和第4行：“他们受到了罚款，因为他们的车占了私人车道。而恰恰是他们自己的`私人车道。”以此判断应选B项。
21.A 题意：《名利场》杂志的编辑认为一些新的法律很愚蠢。
关键词为The editor of Vanity Fair magazine《名利场》杂志的编辑;the new laws新的法律;stupid愚蠢。
根据文中第6段的第1句：“《名利场》杂志的编辑Graydon Carter愤怒地说：‘按照纽约的法律，在你的工作地点可以保留枪，但不可以保留空的烟灰缸’”。以此判断A项正确。
22.A 题意：纽约比从前更清洁、更安全了。
关键词为New York纽约;cleaner and safer更清洁、更安全;than before比以前。
根据文中最后1段的倒数第2行：“它比从前更安全、更清洁、更健康了。”以此判断应选A项。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23.F 第1段的第1句：“在当今世界，我们所做的任何事情都绝非孤军作战。”以此可判断F项People are ingroups协同作战为正确选项。
24.E 第2段的第1、2句：“在群体里几乎任何情况下，你都需要一个有技能的领导者。所有的群体都需要领导者，而且所有成功的群体都有好的领导者。”以此判断E项It’s important to have a good leader.有一个好的领导者很重要。为正确选项。
25.C 第3段的倒数第3句：“我们专职的和经验丰富的人员可以把几乎任何人都培训成一位成功的领导者。”以此判断C项Training can make good leaders.培训可以造就好的领导者。为正确选项。
26.A 第4段第1句的后半部分：“……来培养作为一个好的领导者，所必备的各种素养。”以此可判断A项Agood leader needs a variety of qualities. —个好的领导者需要各种素养。为正确选项。
27.A 题意：成功的主要关键是……。
根据文中第1段的最后1句“能够和他人成功地合作是成功的主要关键。”以此判断A项the ability to work withothers.与他人一起工作的能力。为正确选项。
28.C 题意：团队经常会拆散，因为……。
根据文中第2段第3行的内容：“没有领导或领导软弱的团队经常会拆散(失败)。”以此判断C项lack of goodleaders缺乏好的领导者。为正确选项。
29.D 题意：好的领导者经常会避免……。
根据文中第3段的倒数第2行“好的领导者不要以专横、霸道的方式让人做事。”以此判断D项bossing peoplearound对周围人专横(霸道)。为正确选项。
30.F 题意：自信是……的关键。
根据文中第4段的第2、3行“自信是你克服作为一个领导者恐惧的关键。”以此判断F项overcoming fearsabout being a leader克服作为一个领导者的恐惧。为正确选项。
第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇
31.B 题意：人造气味在……地方还没有得到利用。
题干中的关键词为“Artificial smells人造气味;have NOT been used还没有得到利用”。
A项在第3段的4～5行;C项在第3段的2～3行;D项在第1段的1～2行。以此判断应选B项。
32.B 题意：研究人员认为，把“钱的气味”引进银行将鼓励人们……。
题干中的关键词为“Researchers研究人员;smell of money钱的气味;encourage鼓励”。
根据文中第1段的最后2行：“‘钱味’将鼓励他们感到放松、乐观，而且对银行的安全性和职业性信心倍增。”以此判断应选B项。
33.B 题意：产出钱味的困难在于____。
题干中的关键词为“The difficulty困难;‘the smell of money’钱的气味;lies in在于”。
根据文中第2段的1～2行：“但在制造出气味和引进银行空调系统之前，对其必须进行鉴定和化学分析，而且现已证明是很困难的。”以此判断B项正确。
34.C 题意：最后1段的“harness”在含义上最接近____。
题干中的关键词为“‘harness’;the last paragraph最后1段;closest in meaning含义最接近”。
harness意思是利用;治理;控制。A选项see看见;B选项study研究;C选项control控制;D选项understand理解。根据4个选项的意思，很明显C选项正确。以此判断应选C项。
35.B 题意：研究人员认为 ____。
题干中的关键词为“Researchers研究人员;think认为”。根据文中的最后2行：“‘……但是生产气味的技术依然处于初始阶段’，O’Riordan说。”以此判断应选B项。
第二篇
36.A 题意：有时人们请求专业人士帮助他们做出决定，因为____。
题干中的关键词为“professionals专业人士;make decisions做出决定”。
根据文中第1段的5～7行：“然而有时，这种舍此取彼却具有重要甚至是对终生的影响。……要么把选择的权利交给形形色色的专业人士，……。”以此可以判断应选A项。
37.D 题意：当人们不能轻易决定买什么时，下列哪一项是最不可能的选择?
题干中的关键词为“cannot easily decide(不能轻易决定);the least possible choice(最不可能的选择)”。
从文中的第2段的第4行可找到A项、B项和C项，以此可断定应选D项。
38.B 题意：当前的产品为什么寿命短?
题干中的关键词为“products产品;a short lifespan寿命短”。
根据文中第3段的3～4行：“还需要产品寿命短以便劝说公众在短期内就得加以更换。”以此判断应选B项。
39.D 题意：现在的迁移如何不同于过去?
题干中的关键词为"migration迁移;today当今;differ from不同于;the past过去”。
根据文中第4段的1～3行：“在世界范围内，人口流动性的增强使人们对于生活、工作地也有了更多选择——这是一个最近才有的现象。”以此可以判断应选D项。
40.D 题意：下列哪一项最好地表达了作者对选择的看法?
题干中的关键词为“best expresses最好的表达;the writer’s view作者的看法”。
该题4个选项的“核心词”是choice(选择)，文中第3段的最后2个词：“没有选择，没有焦虑”。以此判断D项正确。
第三篇
41.B 题意：人们因下列原因而买手机，除哪一项之外?
题干中的关键词为“buy cell phones买手机;EXCEPT除…之外”。
第1段的第2行可找到A项;在最后1段的第3行可找到C项和D项。以此判断B项正确。
42.C 题意：第3段中的“detected”一词可由下列哪一项得到最好的替换。
题干中的关键词为“could be best replaced by由…得到最好的替换”。
“detected”词意为“发现”。以下4选项含义分别为：A选项cured治疗;B项removed移掉;C选项discovered发现;D选项caused引起。很明显C选项正确。
43.C 题意：年轻的推销员离职了，因为____。
题干中的关键词为“The salesman retired推销员离职了;because因为”。
根据文中第3段的第4行：“一个很年轻的流动推销员因严重地失记而不得不离职。”以此判断C项正确。
44.D 题意：有关手机的安全问题，制造公司____。
题干中的关键词为“On the safety issue有关安全问题;the manufacturing companies制造公司”。根据文中第4段的最后1句：“手机公司认为确实有些辐射，但他们说辐射量很小无需担忧”。以此判断D项正确。
45.C 题意：作者写本文的目的是建议人们____。
题干中的关键词为“The writer’s purpose作者的目的;to advise people建议人们”。
根据文中最后1段的第1句：“随着有关安全问题讨论的继续，似乎最好少用手机。”最后1句：“因此，最聪明的做法是少用手机。”以此判断C项正确。
第5部分：补全短文
46.D 句意：这一术语取自冰河的活动。
根据文中“这种不规则是所称谓的’被海水淹没的海岸线’的结果。”很明显应补入D项。
47.B 句意：芒特迪瑟特岛是由冰川下降后所留下的所有岛屿中最著名的一个岛。
all the islands(所有的岛屿)，前有定冠词the说明前文有islands出现。根据文中“以前山脉的最高部分，离海岸最近，便遗留成岛。”很明显应该补入B项。
48.F 句意：它(指芒特迪瑟特岛)被Somes Sound——一段又深又窄的海水，七英里长——几乎对半分开。
根据前文“芒特迪瑟特岛长6英里、宽12英里，实质上它是由两个明显的岛形成的。”很明显应补入F项。
49.C 句意：芒特迪瑟特岛的富有居民自私地视它为己有。
The wealthy residents(富有的住民)，带有定冠词the说明前文有“wealthy”(富有的;富人)出现。段落中第2行和倒数第4行都有“wealthy”一词，以此判断应该补入C项。
50.E 句意：这座山高1，532英尺，使它成为大西洋海岸上最高的山。
This mountain(这座山)，说明前文有“山名”。根据文中：“从Cadillac山顶眺望可将荒岛上的最美景色尽收眼底。”很明显应该补入E项。
第6部分：完形填空
51.C 句意：卫生部正在征集公众和专业人士对草案指导准则的意见。
根据文中“The ministry is now soliciting(征求)public and professional卫生部正在征集公众和专业人士对……的”，很明显应选C项opinions意见。A项policies政策;B项places地方和D项services服务，都不合要求。
52.B 句意：专家们估计，近2，000名中国人已经进行了变性手术，……。
根据文中“Experts专家们——作主语”，和“nearly 2,000Chinese近2,000名中国人”，很明显应选B项estimate估计。A项acknowledge承认，供认;C项suggest建议和D项advocate提倡，主张，都不适合。
53.C 句意：在草案中，卫生部为进行手术的候选人和医疗机构订了最后标准。
根据文中“In the draft, the MOH sets minimum在草案中，卫生部制订了最低的”，很明显应选C项criteria标准。A项pattern模式，形式;B项record记录;阅历;D项example例子，都不合要求。
54.B 句意：还要求他们来证明对变性有强烈持久的愿望。
根据文中“They are also required to prove a persistent还要求他们来证明必须有强烈的”，很明显应选B项desire愿望，欲望。另外，desire for对…有强烈愿望是一固定搭配，如：desire for fame虚荣心。A项problem问题;C项effort努力和D项feedback反馈，都不合要求。
55.A 句意：……候选人必须接受心理学家对手术提出的建议。
根据文中“……must receive a recommendation for the operation from a……必须接受一位……对手术提出的建议。”四个选项：A项psychologist心理学家;B项physicist物理学家;C项chemist化学家和D项geologist地质学家，很明显应选A项。
56.A 句意：在实施手术之前，一些法律条款还必须遵守。
根据前文“Also，several legal requirements must be met而且一些法律条款还必须遵守”和“theprocedure程序，实施”，很明显应选A项before在……之前，B项after在……之后，C项under在 ……之下和D项during在……期间，都不合要求。
57.B 句意：候选人还必须提供由警方出俱的过去没有任何犯罪行为的证据。
根据文中“he or she does not have any criminal...他或她没有任何恶劣的”和“in the past在过去”，很明里应选B项offences罪过。A项courts法庭;C项tendencies倾向和D项damages损害，都不适合。
58.D 句意：在手术进行之前，警方还必须同意改变未来变性者身份证上的性别。
根据文中“before the在……之前”和“can take place进行”很明显应选D项operation手术。A项accident事故;B项debate争论和C项conference会议，都不合要求。
59.A 句意：可以认为，出台这样的方针表明政府是对少量需要变性人群的关注。
根据文中“……is concerned”应选A项about。be concerned about是一个固定搭配，意思是：“担心，挂念”。B项with也可以用，be concerned with干预，参与。C项to—般不用。D项of—般不用。
60.D 句意：但是，医生们还警告说，所有的利益相关者，……，都应对这个手术倍加谨慎。
根据文中“But doctors also warn(但是，医生们还警告说)____后边缺少宾语。”横线后边是一个完整的句子——说明这是一个起宾语作用的句子。从四个选项看只有D项的that适合(引导宾语从句，无词义，不作成分)。A项if可引导宾语从句，但词义是“是否”。 B项while不能引导宾语从句。C项what可以引导宾语从句，但必须作成分，还有词义(什么东西、事情)。
61.A 句意：由于其较大的社会和法律责任，这个手术不仅仅是个医疗程序。
根据文中“The operation is more than a medical这种手术不仅仅是个医疗”，很明显应选A项procedure程序;实施;B项care关怀，照料;C项condition条件和D项examination检查，都不合要求。
62.D 句意：医生们应该使那些要求变性手术的人明白……。
根据文中“……those那些……”和“sex-change surgeries变性手术的人”，很明显应选D项seeking请求，要求。A项following接着的;B项helping有帮助的和C项studying研究的，均不合要求。
63.C 句意：该方针要求外科医生还要告诉病人……。
根据文中“The guideline该方针”和“surgeons to tell……外科医生告诉……”，很明显应选C项requires要求。A项recommends推荐;B项puts放;使接近;D项warns警告，均不合要求。
64.A 句意：他们还必须解释所涉及的风险。
根据文中”to explain the解释”和“involved所涉及的”，很明显应选A项risks风险。 differences差别;C项reasons原因和D项facts事实，均不合要求。
65.B 句意：从长远来看，手术本身并非重大问题，真正的问题是……。
根据文中“the surgery itself is not the手术本身并非”和“issue问题”，很明显应选B项big大的。A项social社会的;C项economic经济的和D项current目前的，均不合要求。
职称英语等级考试(综合类A级)真题附答案和解析2
第一部分听力
第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man mean?
[A]Nobody can be the best．
[B]Do as well as you carl．
[C]It’s difficult to do something perfectly．
2．How far is it from here to the city?
[A]20 kilometers．
[B]20．5 kilometers．
[C]25．5 kilometers．
3．What will the woman probably do?
[A]See the movie with the marl．
[B]See Professor Brian．
[C]See Harry Potter．
4．What do we learn about the man?
[A]He is friendly．
[B]He is angry with the woman．
[C]His name is Robert Anderson．
5．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
[A]Husband and wife．
[B]Father and daughter．
[C]Doctor and patient．
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How does the man like his haircut?
[A]Cut it short in the back．
[B]Part it in the middle．
[C]Both A and 13．
7．What would the man like then?
[A]A shampoo．
[B]A shave．
[C]A shape
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Who shot Abraham Lincoln?
[A]A young man of 24 from the north．
[83A young man of 25 from the south．
[C]A slave owner of 26 from the south．
9．When did Lincoln die?
[A]On the evening of April l4，1865．
[B]0n the night of April l 5，1865．
[C]on the morning of April l5，1865．
10．Where did Lincoln die?
[A]In the hospital．
[B]On the way to the hospital．
[C]At the theatre．
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the relationship between the two speakers?
[A]They are brother and sister．
[B]They are mother and son．
[C]They are husband and wife．
12．When does the conversation probably take place?
[A]Shortly after supper．
[B]When the school bus is about to come．
[C]Before breakfast．
13．Where is the school bag?
[A]It is under the blanket．
[B]It is under the bed．
[C]It is at the foot of the desk．
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．How often does the No．1 bus run?
[A]Every 5 minutes．
[B]Every lo minutes．
[C]Every 15 minutes．
15．How does John’s sister come?
[A]By car．
[B]By air．
[C]By train．
16．When will John’s sister arrive?
[A]At 4：30．
[B]At 4：20．
[C]At 4：10．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．According to the passage，what is it that almost everyone does on Sunday?
[A]Reading the Sunday paper．
[B]Going to church．
[C]Sleeping late in the morning．
18．When does the paper come?
[A]Late in the morning．
[B]In the afternoon．
[C]Before families get up．
19．What do men like to read according to the passage?
[A]The death notices．
[B]Sports．
[C]Clothes．
20．What kind of news do women’s pages have?
[A]News about parties，clothes and marriages．
[B]Advice about food and health．
[C]All of the above．
第一部分听力
1．[B]。本题考查的是对男士话语中do your best一处的理解。do one’s best是个习惯表达，指“尽力”，相当于do(sth．)as well as one can，因此本题选[B]。
2．[c]。本题是数字题。对话中只出现了一个数字：25．5 kilometers，因此答案是[c]。考生应注意带小数点的数词的读法。
3．[B]。对话中男士说他们计划去看Harry Potter(《哈利·波特》)，女士回答说，她虽然想去看，但Professor Brian想跟她谈谈，由此可以推断出她不能去看电影，而是去见Brian教授。
4．[c]。男士让女士别叫他Mr Anderson，叫他Robert，然后解释说叫名字比叫姓来得友好。由此可推断出他的姓是Anderson，而名字是Robert，因此答案是[c]。注意，[A]、[B]两项都无法由对话必然推知。
5．[c]。本题属于人物身份关系推断题。女士首先询问需不需要吃药(take some medicine)，男士肯定回答之后，提出了“吃低脂肪食品”的建议(advise you to go on a low-fat diet)，并且在后面又提出不这样的话女士将来会得心脏病(have a heart attack)，这些都属于医生所用的术语，故二者应为医患关系。
6．[c]。女士在第一轮对话中间到男士喜欢什么样的发型，第二轮对话中男士回答说：Cut it short in the back，and part it in the middle(脑后修短，中间分开)，因此答案是[C]。
7．[B]。在第三轮对话中男士提及了shave(刮胡子)，因此选l-B]。
8．[B]。细节题。在第二个话轮中男士说明了Abraham Lincoln被刺的细节，其中第四句指出：A 25-year-old man，who was from the South，suddenly shot Lincoln...对照选项可知，[B]项正确。
9．[C]。本题为分析推理题。在第二个话轮中，男士首先指出Abraham Lincoln被刺的时间是1865年4月14日(It was on April 14，1865)，而在第三个话轮中男士又说明了Lincoln死亡的时间是在第二天早上(He died early the next morning)。结合这两处即可知，具体时间是1865年4月15日早上，即[C]项正确。
10．[A]。细节题。第三个话轮中男士明确指出Lincoln是在医院死的：He died...in the hospital。
11．[B]。本题考查的是人物关系。由男士第一句话中的称呼Mom即可知，对话者是母子，选[B]。
12．[B]。本题考查对话发生的时间，需要综合考虑。由男士话中的last night、it’s about the time for the school bus及其着急的语气等可以推知，他是在(载他去上学的)校车到达之前寻找自己的书包，选[B]。
13．[A]。对话最后一句，女士用问句说“你床头的'毯子下面是什么”，由此可以推断她指的就是男士的书包在毯子下面，选[A]。
14．[B]。细节题。前面三个话轮交代了男士在等公交车去火车站接人等细节，而第四个话轮中男士明确回答了女士提出的公交车多长时间一趟这个问题：Every ten minutes，因此本题答案是[B]。
15．[c]。本题属于带有推断性质的细节题。在第三个话轮中女士问男士的sister是不是一个人来的，男士肯定回答后提到了列车到达时刻，据此即可推知，男士的sister是坐火车来的，故选[c]。
16．[A]。细节题。同样，在第三个话轮中男士明确指出了火车到达的时间：the train comes in about half past four，即火车大约4：30到达，因此本题答案就是[A]。
17．[A]。独白第三句话明确指出：almost everyone reads the Sunday paper(几乎每个人都看星期天的报纸)。此外，由独白整体谈论的就是Sunday paper这一主旨也可确定答案。
18．[c]。独自第四句指出了报纸送来的时间:...is waiting outside the door when the family gets up(全家起床时报纸已经在门外了)，其意就是在全家人起床前送来的。
19．[B]。独自首先提到了大人读的版面(the front page，the editorial page，the world news section)，然后特别提到了男人喜欢的两种版面：the sports pages and the financial pages(体育版和金融版)，因此答案是[B]。本题也可由常识直接选出答案。
20．[c]。独白倒数第四句指出了女性版面所包括的内容：The women’s pages have news about parties...and clothes(女性版面包括晚会、结婚、食谱、健康和服装方面的新闻)，因此答案为[c]。
职称英语等级考试(综合类A级)真题附答案和解析3
Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Directions：
This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English．You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them．There are thtee parts in this section，PartA，PartB and Part C．
Remember，while you are doing the test，you should first put down your unsuers in your test booklet． At the end of the listening comprehension section，you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSHER sHEET 1．
If you have any questions，you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the
test has started．
Now look at Part A in your test booklet．
Part A
Directions：
For Questions l～5，you will hear a report on a survey recently done in Britain．While you listen，fill out the table with the information you have heard．Some of the information has been given to you in the table．Write only l word in each numbered box．You will hear the recording twice．You now have 25 seconds to tead thP tablP hplow．
Part B
Directions：
For Questions 6～10，you will hear a passage about population and the environment．While you listen，complete the sentence(s)andanswer the question(5)．Use not more than 3 words for each answer．You will hear the recording twice．You now have 25 seconds to read the sentence(s)and the question(s)below．
Part C
Directions：
You will hear three dialogues or monologues．Before listening to each one，you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it．While listening，answer each question by choosing[A]，EB]，[C]or[D]．After listening，you will have lo seconds to check your answer to each question．You will hear each piece oNlY oNCE．
Questions ll——l3 are based on a conversation between two college classmates．You now have l5 seconds to
read Questions ll～13．
11．When does the conversation most probably take place?
[A]On Wednesday．
[B]On Thursday．
[C]On Friday．
[D]On Saturday．
12．Where does Barbara come from?
[A]America．
[B]Italy．
[C]Canada．
[D]Britain．
13．What iS John’S plan for the future?
[A]To open a shoe shop．
[B]To get a job abroad
[C]To tour Britain．
[D]To become a naval engineer．
Questions l4～16 are based on a talk about lndonesians and Indonesia．You now have l5 seconds to read
Questions l4～16．
14．What breaks up Indonesians’extended family living?
[A]Change of family values．
[B]Increase of urbanization．
[C]Cha,’m of being mobile．
[D]Pressure of changing houses．
15．Which of the following characterizes relations among Indonesians?
[A]Harmony and obedience．
[B]Respect and harmony．
[C]Obedience and punctuality．
[D]Punctuality and respect．
16．Which of the following is not always a positive signal?
[A]Smiling．
[B]Bowing．
[C]Shaking hands．
[D]Being punctual．
Questions 17～20 are based on the following discussion about a survey result．You now have 20 seconds
to read Questions l7～20．
1 7．What is the main focus of the survey?
[A]Consumer age groups．
[B]Staying fit．
[C]Leisure sporting activities of consumers．
[D]Proposals for consumers．
18．Which group seems to be most active in sports?
[A]18 to 26．[B]27 to 35．[C]36 to 45．[D]46 to 55．
19．Which sport is cited as the most popular one?
[A]Playing tennis．
[B]Jogging．
[C]Swimming．
[D]Cycling．
20．What is the woman’S marketing strategy?
[A]Targeting the 36 to 45一year-old-age group and expanding the line of athletic clothes．
[B]Targeting the l8 to 26一year-old-age group and expanding the line of athletic shoes．
[C]Making more detailed surveys and proposals．
[D]Focusing on the 46 to 55一year-old-age group instead of the l8 to 26 group．
Now you have 5 minutes to transfer your ansziJers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET l．
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Part A
Recently。a survey of the nation’s reading habits was conducted in Britain．The survey asked members of different professions how much time they devoted to reading for pleasure every week．The researchers also asked what types of books they elljoye&Accountants spend an average of five hours and fifteen minutes of their leisure time reading every week They read all types of fiction，mainly in bed or while commuting to work Secretaries spend an average of almost five hours reading every week with Jane Austin on top of their list．Politicians who read for just under five hours a week favor biographies and history books． Most of their reading is done‘in be& Taxi drivers manage an average of four hours and forty-six minutes a week．much of it while waiting in their cabs．They read lTlore self-help books than other workers．Lawyers read the highest percentage of crime fiction in their weekly average of four hours and thirty-three minutes．They have no interest in poetry，gardening，self-help books，or romance．Teachers read for an average of four hours and twenty-seven minutes a week mainly in bed or on holiday．Teachers’s trong preference is for contemporary fiction over the classics，but their favorite is Jane Austh A total of one thousand six hundred people were surveyed． The average time spent reading for pleasure was five hours and nine minutes a week
PartB
A new report says the growing population around the world is harming the environment．More people are using more of the Earth’s natural resources than ever before．Experts say poor people around the world will suffer most in the future unless environmental damage is stopped．They say more should be done to balance human and environmental needs．
the United Nations Population Fund is responsible for studying population growth．It has released a report about the subject．It examines the links between environmental conditions，population growth and efforts to help poor people in developing countries．
The world population is now more than 6 billion people. that number has increased by l00%since l990． the population is expected to increase to more than 9 billion by the year 2050．the report says about 2 billion people lack food security．Water supplies and agricultural lands are heavily use In 50 years，experts say，more than 4 billion people will be living in countries that cannot meet people’s daily needs．
the report says all of the expected growth in world population will take place in developing countries,the49 least developed countries are expected to increase by almost 200%in 50 years．Yet，the UN agency says people in the richest countries use more of the world’s resources than people in developing countries．
It says a child loom today in the United States，France or Japan will do more harm to the environment during his lifetime than as many as 50 children bom in developing countries.
the UN Population Fund says international policies need to be put into effect to improve poor conditions． increase social development and ease pressure on the environment．It also says women need more control over thek lives．It says empowering women would lead to smaller families and slower population growth．The UN Population Fund says these measures would help improve the well being of growing populations while protecting the natural world.
PartC
Questions ll～13 are based on a conversation between two college classmates．You now have l5 seconds to read
Qnestions ll～13．
w：What aye you reading，Paul?
M：Oh，it’s a book about naval engtneefing.
W：Why are you reading on a Friday evening?
M：Because I’ve got to write an essay this weekend． W：What are you going to do when you’re qualified? M：I don’t know．I’d like to get a job abroad，I think．Vfhat are you going to do when your year at Weston
is over?
W：I’m going to spend a few weeks touring Britain，then I’m going hack to Canada，I suppose． M：What is John going to do?
W：I think he’s going to open a branch of“Pretty Feet”in Londorl． M：What is he doing in Italy?
W：He’s seeing some designers there．He’s coming hack tomorrow．By the way，what are you and Sue doing on
Saturday evening?
M：I don’t know yet．Why?
W：Well，I thought we could cook another of our famous suppers and invite John and Sue. M：Oh，no!Not potato salad again!Sorry，Barbara，but I really have to read this book．
Questions l4～16 are based on talk about lndonesians and Indonesia．You now have l5 seconds to read Ouestions14～16．
Like Malavsia，Indonesia is a traditional honor-oriented society．There is strong in-group loyalty including family,friends,and members of the same ethnic group．This is the basis for widespread favoritism in the economy．Indonesians value large families，with extended families living together and supporting one another． However，increasing urbanization and the need to move to find employment is breaking up this interdependence and extended family living．
Hamonv and respeer characterize the rdlations among people．
Conflict is avoided as values and behavior in all aspects of life are directed towards smooth relations with others．People of low ranks do not make decisions；there is a wait-and-see attitude until senior managers reveal what the decision is.
The best time of year to schedule business trips to Indonesia is between February and June，and again
Between Septem band early December July and August are vacation months for Indonesians who can afford to travel．
Both Malav and Chinese Indonesians respect age，status and position．You should be equally sensitive to those factors at meetings 4nd in social engagements associated with business．Defer to older people by standing when they enter and letting them sit down first．If a meeting involves a very senior Indonesian，it is respectful that your organization has a very senior person available to attend．
You should be punctual at all time even though your Indonesian counterparts may not be．Indonesians generally shake hands all found and give a slight bow of the head．You should do the sarne．They smile a lot．but this does not necessarily have a positive meaning．
Questions l7～20 are based on the following discussion about survey result.You now have 20 seconds to read Ouestions l7～20．
W：Sam，could you review the results of the survey on leisure sporting activities again?We need to plan
out our proposal for this Friday’S business meeting．
M：Sure，Mary．I’ve summarized the results in the handout，broken down by consumer age groups and sporting activities．The survey was administered to 550 men and women between the ages of l8 and 55 years old，and the results have been compiled in the following age groups：18 to 26，27 to 35，36 to 45，and 46 to 55．According to the results，the most active group involved in sporting activities are those between l8 and 26 years old，followed by those 36 to 45 years old．
W：Okay．
M：As far as particular sports are concerned，people in these two groups cited jogging as their favorite
recreational sport，followed by skiing，tennis，swimming，and cycling．
W：Hmm．Based on what you have said，I think we should consider targeting the l8-to 26-year-old-age group more in the future．I also feel we should consider expanding our line of athletic shoes， particularly jogging and tennis foot ware．We also have tO come up with a more appealing slogan aimed at this age group．
M：I see what you mean．However，when these results are compared with the survey carried out three years ago,we can see a growing trend among older consumers-I mean 46 to 55-who are becoming more conscious and concerned about staying fit．I believe this trend will continue，SO we should focus on this group instead．
W：I see your point．Well，let’S meet again on Wednesday to iron out more of the details of this proposal．
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Section I Listening Comprehension
Part A
1．accountants。独白前三句交代了调查的总体情况，如对象范围(members of different professions)、调查内容(how much time they devoted to reading和what types of books they enjoyed)，然后根据调查对象的职业分类，对调查结果进行说明。其中第四、五句说明的就是第一类对象的情况：Accountants spend an average of five hours....，考生只要听清了这一处即可作答，关键是要注意拼写。
2．biographies。本题是针对第三类对象的情况而设置。独自第七、八句说明的是政治家的阅读习惯，其中第七句指出：Politicians…favor biographies and history books，即政治家们喜欢看传记和历史书籍，因此本题填入biographies一词。考生仍应特别注意拼写。
3．forty-six／46。本题针对第四类对象(出租车司机)的阅读时间设题。独自第九句指出：Taxi drivers manage an average of four hours and forty-six minutes a week(出租车司机平均每周阅读4小时46分钟)。对于这类数字细节题，考生一是在听音时应作好记录，二是应直接用阿拉伯数字回答，以避免出现拼写问题。
4．1awyers。本题针对调查对象的身份而设置。独白第十一、十二两句说明了律师的情况：Lawyers read the highest percentage of crime fiction…，即律师看罪案小说的比例最高。考生只要看清试卷所给表格，听录音时严格按照独白交代信息的顺序做好相应记录即可确定正确答案。
5．contemporary。本题针对最后一类调查对象(教师)的情况设题。对应的信息位于独自第十四句： Teachers’strong preference is for contemporary fiction over the classics(教师们极为偏爱当代小说而不是经典作品)。考生需要注意拼写的准确性。
Part B
6．Studying population growth。独白第二段第一句在首次提到联合国人口基金会的时候就对其职能进
行了说明．．．．is responsible for studying population growth，即它负责研究人口增长。
7．Over 6 billion。独自第三段第一句指出：The world population is now more than 6 billion people，由于
最多只能填人3个单词，因此将over等。
8．(almost)200%。答案信息对应于第四段第二句：The 49 least developed countries are expected to
increase by almost 200%，其中的increase指的就是人口增长，题目只是与此在表达上稍有不同。
9．the world’s resources。在第四段第三句中，作者指出了联合国的观点：the uN agency says people…the world’s resources than people in developing countries，注意其中的resources用的是复数形式。
10．Women。独白最后一段提出了控制人口增长的一些措施，其中第二、三句指出：It also savs women…slower population growth,其中的need more control和empowering即是题目中的be given more power。
Part C
11．EQ。对话一开始，女士就问男士在看什么书，在男士回答之后，她紧跟着又问：Why are you reading on a Friday evening(什么在周五晚上看)。N此话肯定发生在星期五。后文出现了Saturday,但那是女 士提议一起做晚饭的时间，并非对话发生时间。
12．[C]。在第四个话轮中女士说：I’m going back to Canada，因此她肯定是加拿大人，选[C]。
13．[A]。对话第一句就指出男士名为Paul，因此John不是对话者。第五个话轮中女士的回答中指出， John“is going to open a branch of‘Pretty Feet’…”，由其中的`branch(分店)和feet两词可推知他应当是开 一家鞋店，故答案为[A]。
14．[B]。答案信息对应于独白第二段第二句：However，increasing urbanization and the need… extended family living，对照四个选项可知只有[B]与此相符。
15．[B]。答案对应于独白第三段第一句：Harmony and respect characterize the relations among peoPle， [B]项只是顺序不同。
16．[A]。独自最后一句说：They smile a lot，but this does not necessarily have a positive meaning，选[A]。
17．[C]。这则对话型听力材料需要考生特别注意听清细节。本题较为容易，因为在第一个话轮中女士 首先就指出了其调查的主题。review the results of the survey on leisure sporting activities…，而由后面 的对话又可看出，调查的主要是顾客的业余体育活动情况，因此答案是[C]。
18．[A]。本题对应的信息仍在第一个话轮中。男士在此话轮的最后一句中指出.....the most active group involved in sporting activities are those between l8 and 26 years old，即最喜欢进行体育活动的是18～26岁这个年龄段的人，其次则是36～45岁这个年龄段的人。因此本题答案就是[A]。
19．[B]。在第二个话轮中，男士明确指出：…people in these two groups cited jogging as their favorite recreational sport，故答案就是[B]。
20．[B]。对话的第三个话轮讨论了针对调查结果所应采取的策略。女士的第一句话即说明了自己的 看法：I think we should consider targeting the l8-to 26-year-old-age group more in the future，即她认为未来 应当多以l8～26岁这个年龄段的顾客的需求为目标，后面又提到了expanding Our line of athletic shoes等 具体措施，故本题应选包含了这两个方面的[B]项。注意，[D]项是男士的观点而非女士的观点，应看清题 目给出的限定条件。
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