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2015年职称英语考试（卫生类A）考前押题试卷（第一套）
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1. The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.
A.take out
B.break off
C.push in
D.dig up
2. The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.
A.play
B.show
C.send
D.tell
3. This table is strong and durable.
A.long-lasting
B.extensive
C.far-reaching
D.eternal
4. He endured great pain before he finally expired.
A.fired
B.resigned
C.die
D.retreated
5. The girl is gazing at herself inthe mirror.
A.smiling
B.laughing
C.shouting
D.staring
6. The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather.
A.jumps
B.rises
C.falls
D.changes
7. Did you do that to irritate her?
A.tease
B.attract
C.annoy
D.protect
8. Mary looked pale and weary.
A.ill
B.tired
C.worried
D.peaceful
9. The water in this part of the river hasbeen contaminated by sewage (污水).
A.polluted
B. downgraded
C.mixed
D.blackened
10. Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive.
A.boring
B.thorough
C.interesting
D.touching
11. These are their motives fordoing it.
A.reasons
B.excuses
C.answers
D.plans
12. The river widens considerablyas it begins to turn west.
A.twists
B.stretches
C.broadens
D.bends
13. Henry cannot resist the lure ofdrugs.
A.abuse
B.flavor
C.temptation
D.consumption
14. These programs are of immense value to old people.
A.natural
B.fatal
C.tiny
D.enormous
15. A great deal has been done to remedy the situation.
A.maintain
B.improve
C.assess
D.protect
第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题l分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判 断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信 息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑。
Cosmetic Surgery
Surgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more andmore popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called cosmeticsurgery, and both men and women are turning to this treatment as a way ofkeeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts( 面部拉皮手术), liposuction (taking fat out of the body),and implants (putting artificial parts into their bodies ) to help them lookyounger. As companies downsize (缩编) and move youngeremployees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties andearly fifties feel the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitivE.These operations are not
without dangers, however.
One young woman had an eye operation to get rid of the bags under hereyes. She described her experience as terriblE.She said, "When he started cutting, I was fullyawakE.Even though he'd given me an injection near myeyes, I saw everything. " She went on to explain, "I knew I had tokeep still because of what he was doing. He was scraping (刮) away fat underneath my eyes. It took about ten minutes. After hefinished, I felt I couldn't walk. I was so faint. " Her troubles did notend after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen ( 肿胀的 ) and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could nothide the side effects of the operation.
Liposuction, taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popularcosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a smallcut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removeD.Next,a small pipe is put into the cut. A machine like a vacuum cleaner is then usedto suck the fat out of the body. However, as one doctor explained, some problemscall happen after the operation. He warned, "Irregular lumps and looseskin can reset from this operation. If it is not evenly done, liposuction canproduce a very lumpy result. "
Patients often must have more liposuction to correct the problem.
16.Cosmetic surgery is more popular in theUS than anywhere else.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17.The way a man looks has little to dowith the job opportunities he may have.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18.There are hardly any risks involved incosmetic operations.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19. The young woman was by no meanssatisfied with the eye operation.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20. The eye operation was such a failurethat the woman refused to pay for it.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21. Not everyone is a good candidate forliposuction.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22. Sometimes liposuction patients mayhave to undergo more than one operation.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Cloning (克隆) : Future Perfect?
1. A clone is all exact copy of a plant oranimal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that theyhad managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning hasgrown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create twoidentical calves (牛犊 ) using cloning technology. A mouse hasalso been cloned successfully. But the debate over cloning humans reallystarted when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprisingannouncement: "We will have managedto clone a human being within the next two years," he told the world.
2. Seed's announcement provoked a lot ofmedia attention, most of it negative.In Europe, nineteennations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the USthe President announced, "We will be introducing a law to ban all humancloning and many states in the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the endof the year.
3. Many researchers are not so negativeabout cloning, they are worded that laws banning human cloning will threatenimportant research. In March, The New England Journal of Medicine called anyplan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchersalso believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will havebecome routine by 2010 because it is impossible to .stop the progress ofscience.
4. Is there reason to fear that cloningwill lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸 )with newspaper articles, television shows and films, as well cartoons. Suchinformation is often misleading, and makes people wonder what on earth the scientistswill be doing next. Within the next five to ten years scientists will probablyhave found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will beable to choose the person that we want our child to look like.But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-clonersask. Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人).
23. Paragraph 1__________.
24. Paragraph 2__________.
25. Paragraph 3__________.
26. Paragraph 4__________.
A.Where you stand whilewaiting to cross
B.Where you walk
C.Where you sit on a bus
D.When you go to bed
E.When pollution levelsrise
F.When you get up
27. Richard Seed claimed to be able toclone__________.
28. Richard Seed's announcement received__________.
29. The United States will introduce__________.
30. Within ten years scientists willprobably have__________.
A.during rush hours
B.in spring and autumn
C.to toxic air
D.between autumn andwinter
E.as exposure to nuclearradiation
F.on the downwind side
第4部分：阅读理解(第31—45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Crystal Ear
Oneday a friend asked my wife Jill if l wanted a hearing aid.“Hecertainly does.”replied Jill.Afterhearing about a remarkable new product，Jill finally gotup me nerve to ask me if I'd ever thought about getting a hearing aid.“No way.”I said.“Itwould make me look 20 years older.”“No，no，”she replied.“Thisis entirely different.It’sCrystal Ear!”Jill was right.CrystalEar is different—not the old-styled body worn or over—the—ear aid.but an advancedpersonal sound system so small that it’s like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your ears.And Crystal Ear is supersensitive and powerful，too.Youwill hear sounds your ears have been
missing for years.CrystalEar will make speech louder，and the sound is pure and natural.
I couldn’t believe how tiny it is.It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it’s almost invisible when worn.There are nowires，no behind—the—ear device.Put it in your ear and its ready.to wear mold(形状)fits comfortably.Since it’s not too loud or too fight，you may even forget that you’re wearing it! Useit at work or at play.And if your hearing problem is worsein certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when youneed it.
Hearingloss，which occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresses throughout one’s life time.Although hearing loss is now the world’snumber one health problem，nearly 90 percent of peoplesuffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated.For many millions，treating hearing loss in aconventional way can involve numerous office visits，expensivetesting and adjustments to fit your ear.Thanks toCrystal Ear，the“sound solution” is now convenient.Almost90 percent of people with mild hearing loss，andmillions more with just a little hearing drop—off，can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear.Moreover，its superior design is energy—efficient，so batteries can last months.Crystal Ear isnow available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a smallhearing amplifier(放大器).
31.Initially the writer didnot want to buy a hearing aid because______.
A.it would make him lookold
B.It would make himnervous
C.it was too expensive
D.it was old-styled
32.Which of the followingis NOT true of Crystal Ear?
A.It is highly sensitive.
B.It is powerful.
C.1t is invisible.D.It is wireless.
33.One special feature ofCrystal Ear is that______.
A.you can control itsvolume
B.youneedn’t take it off everyday
C.it is solar·powered
D.it saves power
34.According to the passage，hearing loss is______.
A.only a minor healthproblem
B.the world’s most common health problem
C.merely a teenage disease
D.an incurable disease
35.Many people leave theirhearing problem untreated，because______.
A.it is not serious
B.Crystal Ear is not yetavailable
C.it is not easy to haveit treated
D.they don't want to lookold
A Phone That Knows You're Busy
It's a modem problem: you're too busy to be disturbed by incessant (连续不断的) phone calls so you turn your cell phone off.But if you don't remember to turn it back on when you're less busy.You could miss some important calls if only the phone knew when it was wise to interruptyou, you wouldn't have to turn it off at all. Instead, it could let callsthrough when you are not too busy.
Abunch of behavior sensors (传感器) and a clever pieceof software could do just that, by analyzing your behavior to determine if it'sa good time to interrupt you. If built into a phone, the system may decideyou're too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later.
James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University inPennsylvania based their system oil tiny microphones, cameras and touch sensorsthat reveal body language and activity. First they had to study differentbehaviors to find out which ones strongly predict whether your mind isinterrupted.
The potential "busyness" signals they focused on includedwhether the office doors were left open or closed, the time of day, if otherpeople were with the person in question, how close they were to each other, andwhether or not the computer was in use.
The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjectswere at work. At random intervals, the subjects rated how interruptible theywere on a scale ranging from "highly interruptible" to "highlynot-interruptible". Their ratings were then correlated with the various behaviors. "It is a shotgun (随意的) approach: we usedall the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out whichwere important, " says Hudson.
The model showed that using the keyboard, and talking on a landline orto someone else in the office correlated most strongly with how interruptiblethe subjects judged themselves to be. Interestingly, the computer was actuallybetter than people at predicting when someone was too busy to be interrupted.Thecomputer got it right 82 per cent of the time, humans 77 per cent. Fogartyspeculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting areinevitably biased towards delivering their message, whereas computers don'tcare.
The first application for Hudson and Fogarty's system is likely to be inan instant messaging system, followed by office phones and cellphones. "There is no technological roadblock (障碍)to it being deployed in a couple of years, " says Hudson.
36. A big problem facing people today isthat________.
A.they must tolerate phonedisturbances or miss important calls.
B.they must turn off theirphones to keep their homes quiet.
C.they have to switch froma desktop phone to a cell phone.
D.they are too busy tomake phone calls.
37. The behavior sensor and softwaresystem built in a phone________.
A.could help storemessages
B.could send messagesinstantly
C.could tell when it iswise to interrupt you
D.could identify importantphone calls
38. Scientists at Carnegie MenonUniversity tried to find out________.
A.why office doors wereoften left open
B.when it was a good timeto turn off the computer
C.what questions officeworkers were bothered with
D.which behaviors couldtell whether a person was busy
39. During the experiment, the subjectswere asked________.
A.to control the sensorsand the camera
B.to rate the degrees towhich they could be interrupted
C.to compare theirbehaviors with others'
D.to analyze all theindicators of interruption
40. The computer performed better thanpeople in the study because________.
A.the computer workedharder
B.the computer was notbusy
C.people tended to bebiased
D.people were not good atstatistics
Effects of Environmental Pollution
If pollution continues to increase at the present rate, formation ofaerosols (浮质) in the atmosphere will cause theonset (开始) of an ice age in about fifty years' time. This conclusion, reached by Dr. S.I. Rasool and Dr. S.H. Schneiderof the United States Goddard Space Flight Centre, answers the apparentlyconflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm up or increasingthe aerosol content will cause it to cool down. The Americans have shown conclusively that the aerosol question isdominant.
Two specters haunting conservationists have been the prospect thatenvironmental pollution might lead to the planet's becoming unbearably hot orcold.One of these ghosts has now been laid.Becauseit seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in theatmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase intemperature of only 2 ℃, which would take place overseveral thousand years. But the other problem now looms larger than ever.
Aerosols are collections of small liquid or solid particles dispersed inair or some other medium. The particles are all so tiny that each is composedof only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can float in the air for avery long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog (烟雾) of the kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an evengreater problem in Los Angeles today. These collections of aerosols reflect the Sun's heat and thereby cause the Earthto cool.
Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider have calculated the exact effect of a dustaerosol layer just above the Earth's surface in the temperature of the planet.As the layer builds up, the present delicate balance between the amount of heatabsorbed from the Sun and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbed.Theaerosol layer not only reflects much of the Sun's light but also transmits theinfrared (红外线的 ) radiation from below. So, while the heat input to the surface drops,the loss of heat remains high until the planet cools to a new balanced state.
Within fifty years, if no steps are taken to stop the spread of aerosolsin the atmosphere, a cooling of the Earth by as much as 3.5~C seems inevitable.Ifthat lasts for only a few years it would start another ice age, and because thegrowing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much of the Sun'sradiation it would probably continue to develop even if the aerosol layer weredestroyed.
The only bright spot in this gloomy forecast lies in the hope expressedby Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider that nuclear power may replace fossil fuels intime to prevent the aerosol content of the atmosphere from becoming critical.
41. The author's main purpose in writingthe article is to warn of________.
A.warm weather
B.hot weather
C.a new ice age
D.a new iceberg
42. The word "specters" in thesecond paragraph is closest in meaning to________.
A.pollution.
B.carbon dioxide
C.aerosols
D.ghosts
43. We learn from the third paragraph that________.
A.London was plagued withrats in the 1950s
B.London is covered withsmog today
C.London was polluted bysmog in the 1950s
D.Los Angeles is asheavily polluted today as London was in the 1950s
44. What will happen if the dust aerosollayer develops?
A.The Earth will getextremely hot.
B.The balance between theamount of heat absorbed from the Sun and the amount lost could hardly be maintained.
C.The light of the Suncould no longer reach the surface of the Earth.
D.Infrared radiation couldno longer be transmitted from the Earth to outer space.
45. The only way to stop the spread ofaerosols in the atmosphere, according to
Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider, is to use________.
A.fossilfuels
B.electricpower
C.nuclearenergy
D.coal power
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Virtual Driver
Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzing with a brain, andcoordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears,analyzes through his brain, and maintains coordination (协调)between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with differentparts of his body. 46 Apparently there isn't anyone in thedriver's cab (驾驶室), but there is in fact a virtualdriver. This virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. Theminicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observingthe road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right.If you open the boot (行李箱), you can see the mostimportant part of the automatic driving system: a built-in computer. 47 Thebrain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surroundingthe car are moving at, analyzing their position on the road, choosing the rightpath, and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.
In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver's best advantageis that it reacts quickly. 48 However, it takes the world's bestracecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn't include the timehe needs to take action.
With its rapid reaction and accurate control, the virtual driver canreduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is itpossible for us to let it drive at any time and in any place? 49 Withits limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.
The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines thatmark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regularshapes. 50 This being the case, people still have highhopes about driverless cars, and think highly intelligent cars are what thecars of the future should be like.
A.Experts say that wecannot do that just yet.
B.In the near future,intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.
C.This is the brain of thecar.
D.But how does anintelligent car control itself ?
E.It completes theprocessing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.
F.However, it cannotrecognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clearmarkings on them.
第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题l分，共15分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Young Adults Who ExerciseGet Higher 1Q Scores
Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go onto university, reveals a major new study 51 out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and SahlgrenskaUniversity Hospital.
The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of Sciences (PNAS). The study 52 1.2 million Swedish men doing militaryservice who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyses the 53 ofboth physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started servingthe army.
The study shows a clear link 54 goodphysical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links arefor 55 thinking and verbal comprehension. But itis only fitness that plays a 56 inthe results for the IQ test, and not strength. " Being fit means that youalso have good heart and lung 57 and that your brain gets plenty ofoxygen," says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy andchief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. "This may be oneof the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular 58 We are also seeing that there are growthfactors that are important. "
By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been 59 to determine that it is primarilyenvironmental factors and not genes that 60 the link between fitness and a higher IQ.
"We have also shown that those youngsters who 61 theirphysical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitiveperformance," says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy andphysician at Aby health centre."This being thecase, physical education is a 62 that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must 63 wewant to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects. "
The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests duringnational service 64 the socio-economic status of the men later inlife.Those who were fit at 18 were more 65 to go into higher education, and many securedmore qualified jobs.
51. A.put
B.carried
C.cut
D.taken
52. A.kept
B.involved
C.found
D.helped
53. A.answers
B.questions
C.standards
D.results
54. A.among
B.behind
C.between
D.inside
55. A.imaginary
B.typical
C.positive
D.logical
56. A.game
B.place
C.role
D.trick
57. A.shape
B.capacity
C.disease
D.treatment
58. A.exercise
B.training
C.movement
D.strength
59. A.able
B.clever
C.clear
D.lucky
60. A.expect
B.explain
C.connect
D.classify
61. A.improve
B.prefer
C.ignore
D.determine
62. A.rule
B.test
C.subject
D.score
63. A.if
B.until
C.though
D.so
64. A.with
B.from
C.of
D.at
65. A.likable
B.unlike
C.likely
D.alike
参考答案与解析
第1部分：词汇选项
1.【答案】A
【题干】牙医已经决定拔掉她的坏牙。
A.取出，拔掉
B.分离，脱离
C.向里推，推进去
D.发现，掘起
【解析】考查短语。题干划线词extract意为“提取，(费力地)拔出”，所以正确答案为A。
2.【答案】B
【题干】九月份经济继续呈现衰退的迹象。
A.扮演，担任
B.呈现
C.发送
D.告诉，辨别
【解析】考查动词。题干划线词exhibit意为“展览，呈现”，所以正确答案为B。
3.【答案】A
【题干】这张桌子坚固耐用。
A. 持久的，长期的
B.广阔的，范围广泛的
C.深远的，广泛的
D.永恒的，没完没了的
【解析】考查形容词。题干划线词durable意为“耐用的，持久的”，所以正确答案为A。
4.【答案】C
【题干】他死之前忍受了巨大痛苦。
A.解雇，激励
B.辞职，放弃
C.死亡
D.撤退，撤销
【解析】考查动词。题干划线词expire意为“死亡，断气，到期”，所以正确答案为C。
5.【答案】D
【题干】女孩一直盯着镜子里的自己。
A.微笑
B.笑，大笑
C.呼喊，叫喊
D.盯着看
【解析】考查动词。题干划线词gaze意为“长时间盯看……”，所以正确答案为D。
6.【答案】D
【题干】蔬菜的价格随天气出现波动。
A.跳，跳跃
B.上升，增长
C.落，降落
D.变化，改变
【解析】考查动词。划线词fluctuate意为“波动，动摇”，与change同义，所以答案为D。
7.【答案】C
【题干】你是不是做了那件事激怒了她?
A.取笑，戏弄
B.吸引
C.惹恼，打搅
D.保护
【解析】考查动词。划线词irritate意为“激怒，刺激，使不快”，在意思上与annoy接近，所以答案为C。
8.【答案】B
【题干】你看起来脸色惨白，很疲倦。
A.生病的，坏的
B.累的，疲倦的
C.担忧的
D.和平的，平和的
【解析】考查形容词。题干划线词weary意为“疲倦的，厌烦的”，与tired的意思同义，所以答案为B。
9.【答案】A
【题干】这条河的这部分水域已经被污水所污染。
A.污染
B.降级，受鄙视
C.混合
D.变黑，弄脏
【解析】考查动词。划线词contaminate意为“污染”，与pollute同义，所以答案为A。10.【答案】B
【题干】她对病人的治疗是很彻底的。
A.单调的，无聊的
B.彻底的，十分的
C.有趣的
D.感动的
11.【答案】A
【题干】这些是他们做这件事情的动机。
A.理由，原因
B.借口
C.回答，答案
D.计划，打算
【解析】考查名词。题干划线词motive意为“动机”，reason与其意思比较接近，所以正确答案为A。answer和reply都有“回答”的意思。
12.【答案】C
【题干】这条河在开始转向西时，大大拓宽了。
A.弯曲
B.延伸
C.使……变宽，扩展
D.弯曲
【解析】考查动词。题干划线词widen意为“加宽，(使)变宽”，所以正确答案为C。
13.【答案】C
【题干】Henry不能抵抗毒品的诱惑。
A.滥用
B.韵味，特点
C.诱惑，引诱
D.消费
【解析】考查名词。题干划线词lure意为“吸引力，魅力”，所以正确答案为C。
14.【答案】D
【题干】这个项目对老年人有巨大的价值。
A.自然的
B.致命的
C.微小的
D.巨大的
【解析】考查形容词。题干划线词immense意为“巨大的”，所以正确答案为D。
15.【答案】B
【题干】做了很多处理来补救这种情况。
A.保持，维持
B.改进，提升
C.评定，估价
D.保护
【解析】考查动词。题干划线词remedy意为“解药，改进”，所以正确答案为B。
第2部分：阅读判断
16.【答案】C
【题干】整容手术在美国比在其他地方更受欢迎。
【解析】利用题干关键词surgery，popular可以定位到文章的第一段第一句“Surgery that Call improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States.”，意为“整容手术可以改善一个人的外表，在美国变得越来越受到欢迎”。但文中并没有与其他国家进行比较，因此推断不出整容手术在美国比在其他国家更流行，故正确答案为C。
17.【答案】B
【题干】一个人的容貌与其工作机遇没什么关系。
【解析】利用题干关键词job opportunity可以定位到第一段第二句“…both men and women are turning to this treatment as a way of keeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive(有竞争力的)in their jobs.”，意为“男女都倾向于这种整容治疗，以使自己保持年轻的外表，同时保持他们在工作上的竞争力。”由此可知，题干所述与原文信息不一致，所以正确答案为B。
18.【答案】B
【题干】整容手术没有任何危险。
【解析】利用题干关键词risks可以定位第一段最后一句“These operations are not without dangers，however.”，意为“这些手术并非没有危险。”由此可知，题干所述与原文信息不一致，所以正确答案为B。 19.【答案】A
【题干】这年轻的女人对她的眼部手术并不满意。
【解析】利用题干关键词young woman和eye operation可以定位到文中第二段的第二句以及接下来的句子可以判断年轻女子对手术非常不满意。由此可知，题干所述与原文信息一致，所以正确答案为A。
加.【答案】c
【题干】这女人的眼部手术如此失败，她拒绝付费。
【解析】利用题干关键词进行定位，文章第二段只讲到该女子为何对手术十分不满意，但并没有提及她是否因此而拒绝付费一事，所以正确答案为c。
21.【答案】c
【题干】并不是每个人都适合抽脂术。
【解析】利用题干关键词liposuction可以定位到最后一段，最后一段只讲到抽脂术的步骤和可能发生的问题，但并没有提及适应对象问题，所以正确答案为C。
22.【答案】A
【题干】有时候，抽脂患者可能需要经过多次手术。
【解析】根据最后一段第五句“However，as one doctor explained，some problems call happen after the operation.”，意为“然而，正如一个医生解释的那样，在一次手术过后可能引发诸多问题。”从而可以推断出抽脂患者可能需要经过多次手术，所以正确答案为A。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23.【答案】D
【题干】第一段的段落大意为_______。
【解析】文章第一段主要讲的是什么是克隆?即克隆的基本概念，所以选项D(什么是克隆?)为正确答案。
24.【答案】A
【题干】第二段的段落大意为_______。
【解析】文章第二段的主题句为首句，主要讲的是Seed的言论引起媒体激烈的反应，所以选项A(强烈的反应)为正确答案。
25.【答案】E
【题干】第三段的段落大意为_______。
【解析】文章第三段的主题句为首句，主要讲一些科学家对克隆的正面反应，认为人们无法阻挡科技的进步，所以选项E(在支持克隆方面的争论)为正确答案。
26.【答案】B
【题干】第四段的段落大意为_______。
【解析】文章第四段的主题句为前两句，主要谈公众对未来克隆技术的担心，所以选项B(对未来克隆技术的担忧)为正确答案。
27.【答案】C
【题干】Richard Seed声称能够克隆_______。
【解析】文中提到Seed的言论，他认为未来两年内就会有克隆人出现，所以选项C(在两年内克隆人类)为正确答案。
28.【答案】F
【题干】Richard Seed的言论受到了_______。
【解析】文章第二段谈到Seed的言论引起了激烈的反应，所以选项F(众多媒体报导)为正确答案。
29.【答案】D
【题干】美国将提出_______。
【解析】利用题干关键词可以定位到文章第二段最后一句，提到美国通过了禁止克隆人的法律，所以选项D(一项法律禁止克隆人类)为正确答案。
30.【答案】B
【题干】十年内，科学家将可能_______。
【解析】利用题干关键词可以定位到文章最后一段，提到未来5到10年内人们可能会找到克隆人的办法，即会有克隆人出现，所以选项B(克隆人类)为正确答案。
第4部分：阅读理解
31.【答案】A
【题干】起初作者不喜欢戴助听器是因为_______。
A. 它会让他看起来老了许多
B.它会让他紧张
C.它太贵
D.它款式太旧
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词hearing aid等可以定位到第一段，其中第三句话“It would make me look 20 years older.”意为“它可能让我看起来老了20多岁。”所以选项A为正确答案。
32.【答案】C
【题干】关于水晶耳下列哪项是不正确的?
A. 它是很敏感的。
B.它是强大的。
C.它是无形的。
D.它是无线的。
【解析】细节题。本题利用题干不好定位，可以改为定位选项。利用选项关键词可以定位到文章第二段第二句“It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it’S almost invisible when worn.”，意为“水晶耳比小手指的尖端还小，并且当戴着它时几乎看不见。”由此可知，水晶耳几乎看不见，并不等于看不见，所以答案为C。
33.【答案】D
【题干】水晶耳的一个特殊特征是_______。
A.你可以控制它的体积
B.你不需要每天都把它关闭
C.它是太阳能供电的
D.它节约电能
【解析】细节题。本题利用题干关键词无法定位到相关句子，可以利用选项进行定位。文章第三段“Moreover，its superior design is energy efficient，so batteries can last months.”，意为“然而，它卓越的设计是高效节能的。所以电池可以持续使用数月。”由此可知，水晶耳的非凡设计使其十分节能，所以正确答案为D。
34.【答案】B .
【题干】根据这篇文章，失聪是_______。
A.仅仅是一个轻微的健康问题
B.世界上很常见的健康问题
C.只是一种青少年疾病
D.一种不治之症
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词hearing loss可以定位到第三段，其中“Although hearing loss is now the world’S number one health problem.nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreate
D.”，意为“虽然听力损失是现在世界头号健康问题，近90%的患有失聪的人选择不对其进行治疗。”所以正确答案为8。
35.【答案】。C
【题干】许多人不对失聪进行治疗是因为_______。
A.它不严重
B.水晶耳还不可得到
C.它并不容易治疗
D.他们不想看上去很老
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词hearing loss和untreated可以定位到文章最后一段“…nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreate
D.For many millions，treating hearing loss in a conventional way Can involve numerous office visits，expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear”可知，许多失聪患者有病不治的原因可能需要去很多次医院，检测的成本昂贵以及需要多次调整来适合病人的耳朵，所以选项C最合适。
36.【答案】A
【题干】当今人们面临的一个大的问题是什么?
A.他们必须忍受电话的打扰，否则会错过重要的电话。
B.他们必须关闭自己的手机，以保持自己家安静。
C.他们不得不将座机换成手机。
D.他们太忙了以至于不能打电话。
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词problem，并结合选项关键词可以定位到文章第一段第一句“It’S a modem problem：you’re too busy to be disturbed by incessant(连续不断的)phone calls so you turn your cellphone off.”意为“现在人们太忙了，不能被连续不断的电话骚扰，只能关闭手机”。所以选项A是正确答案。
37.【答案】C
【题干】行为传感器和软件系统内置在手机中。
A.能够帮助存储消息
B.能够立即发送消息
C.能够智能地告知什么时候打扰你
D.能够识别重要电话
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词behavior sensors和software可以定位到第二段中第一句“A bunch of behavior sensors(传感器)and a clever piece of software could do just that，”其中that是代词，指上段最后两个句子的内容。而答案在第一句的后半部分“it could let calls through when you are not too busy”意为“确定何时适合打扰你”，故选项C为正确答案。
38.【答案】D
【题干】在Camegie Mellon大学的科学家试图找出什么?
A.办公室的门为何常向左开放。
B.何时是关闭电脑的合适时间。
C.什么问题困扰着上班族。
D.哪种行为能够说明一个人是否在忙。
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词Carnegie Mellon可以定位到文中第三段最后一句“First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones strongly predict whether your mind is interrupte
D.”意为“首先，他们必须研究不同的行为去找出哪种行为能够充分暗示你的思维可以被打断。”第四段第一句也给出了部分答案。所以选项D为正确答案。
39.【答案】B
【题干】实验中，受试者被要求干什么?
A.控制传感器和照相机。
B.评定哪种情况他们能够被打断。
C.将其行为与其他人进行对比。
D.分析所有中断的指标。
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词subject可以定位文中第五段第二句“the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from“highly interruptible”to“highly not—interruptible”，意为“受试者对是否可被打断工作做出评定，评定范围从‘完全可以被打断’到‘完全不能被打断”’。所以选项B为正确答案。
40.【答案】C
【题干】实验中电脑比人表现得好，原因是什么?
A.电脑工作更认真。
B.电脑不忙。
C.人往往带有偏见。
D.人不善于统计。
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词the computer和better可以定位到文中倒数第二段，这段最后一句说了“people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased…”，即人有偏见，所以选项C为正确答案。
41.【答案】C
【题干】作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了警告_______。
A.温暖的天气
B.热的天气
C.新的冰河时代
D.新的冰山
【解析】主旨题。从题目(环境污染的影响)和段落的首尾句特别是第一段的首句(如果污染继续以目前的速度增加，那么大气中的浮质会在50年后形成新的冰河世纪)可知答案为C。
42.【答案】D
【题干】第二段中“specters”与_______的意思最接近。
A.污染
B.二氧化碳
C.喷雾器
D.鬼，幽灵
【解析】词汇题。specters意为“幽灵，鬼怪”，所以D为正确答案。该题可以通过查字典的方式解决。
43.【答案】C
【题干】从第三段我们可以得知_______。
A.伦敦在20世纪50年代发生鼠疫
B.伦敦现在为烟雾所笼罩
C.伦敦在20世纪50年代遭遇烟雾污染
D.洛杉矶现在的严重污染如同伦敦20世纪50年代发生的污染
【解析】细节题。本题也无法利用题干关键词进行定位。利用选项关键词London，Los Angeles和pollute在第三段进行定位“the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog(烟雾)of the kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los Angeles today”，即“这种烟雾污染曾经在20世纪50年代在伦敦发生，而现在的洛杉矶更严重”，由此，答案为C，而D说一样严重，是错误的，因为原文为“an even greater problem”。
44.【答案】C
【题干】如果灰尘颗粒层继续发展下去，那么将会发生什么?
A.地球将会非常热。
B.从太阳吸收的热量和释放的热量之间的平衡无法保持。
C.阳光将无法达到地球表面。
D.红外线照射不能从地球传到外太空。
【解析】利用题干关键词dust aerosol layer等可以定位到第四段“…a dust aerosol layer…As the layer builds up，the present delicate balance between the amount of heat absorbed from the Sun and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbed”，意为“随着灰尘颗粒层继续增强，目前从太阳吸收的热量和从地球辐射的热量之间的微妙平衡就会被干扰”，可知平衡会被打破。所以正确答案为C。
45.【答案】C
【题干】根据Dr.Rasool and Dr.Schneider，制止空气中的悬浮颗粒的唯一方法就是使用 。
A.化石燃料
B.电力
C.核能
D.煤电
【解析】细节题。利用题干关键词Dr.Rasool and Dr.Schneider和stop等可以定位到最后一段“…the hope expressed by Dr.Rasool and Dr.Schneider that nuclear power may replace fossil fuels in time to prevent the aerosol content of the atmosphere from becoming critical”，即“核能可以替代化石燃料来防止悬浮颗粒层的危害变得危险”。所以正确答案为C。
第5部分：补全短文
A.专家说我们还不能那样做。
B.在不远的将来，智能汽车将被投入商业运作。
C.这是汽车的大脑。
D.但是智能汽车如何进行自我控制呢?
E.它能在100毫秒内完成照相机发来的图像的加工。
F.但是，它不能识别平时路上那些没有标志的移动的人或自行车。
46.【答案】D
【解析】从原文来看，空白处前面一句讲的是“司机用身体的不同部位来控制快速行驶的汽车”，空白处的后一句说的是“明显的，司机的驾驶室里没有人，只有一个虚拟的司机。这个虚拟司机也有眼、大脑、手和脚。”，由此空白处的内容应该是从平常的汽车过渡到智能汽车的内容，从话题上看，依然是在讲汽车的控制，因而正确答案为D(但是智能汽车如何进行自我控制呢?)。
47.【答案】C
【解析】从原文来看，空白处的前面一句讲的是“你打开行李箱，就会看见自动驾驶系统的重要部分：一个嵌入的电脑”，空白处后面一句讲“汽车的大脑负责计算汽车周围物体的速度，分析这些物体在道路的位置……”。由此可知，空白处填入的应该是与电脑和汽车的大脑有关，选项C(这是汽车的大脑)就起到了连接前后句子的作用，其中this就是指代computer，即行李箱内的控制自动驾驶的电脑就如同汽车的大脑。
48.【答案】E
【解析】空白处的前面一句讲“与人脑相比，虚拟司机的最大优势就是其反应快”。空白处后一句说的是“世界上最好的赛车司机至少要花1秒钟来做出反应。这还不包括他采取行动的时间”，可见前后的句子是在比较虚拟司机和普通司机的反应时间，所以空白处应填入与反应时间有关的内容，因此答案为E(它能在100毫秒内完成照相机发来的图像的加工)为正确答案。
49.【答案】A
【解析】空白处的前面一句讲到“让虚拟司机在任何时间和任何地点驾驶是不是可能呢?”，空白处后一句提到“因为辨认东西的能力有限，智能汽车只能在高速路上行驶”，所以空白处应该填入的是否定随时随地驾驶的内容，因而答案为A(专家说我们还不能那样做)为正确答案。
50.【答案】 F
【解析】空白处前面的句子讲“智能汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定自己的行车方向，靠车辆的常规形状识别其他车辆”，空白处后面句子讲“如果是这种情况，人们对无人驾驶的汽车还有更高的期待”。“这种情况”指代的就是前面的句子，因而空白处填入的应当是有关汽车辨识的问题，而选项F(但是，它不能识别平时路上那些没有标志的移动的人或自行车)中的recognize和marking等则与前面的句子表现出一致性。
第6部分：完形填空
51.【答案】B
【题干】年轻健康的成年人有较高的智商，而且他更有可能上大学。这是由Sahlgrenska大学和Sahlgrenska大学医学院_________的调查研究的结果。
A.伸出，熄灭
B.开展，执行
C.削减，删剪
D.拿，接受，采取
【解析】考查短语。put out意为“伸出，熄灭”，carry out意为“执行，开展，完成”，cut out意为“停止，裁剪”，take out意为“取出，除去”。根据上下文语境，此处指“实现”，study和carry out是被动关系，所以正确答案为B。
52.【答案】B
【题干】这个研究________120万瑞典服兵役人员。他们大多出生于1950到1976年间。
A.保持
B.包含
C.发现
D.帮助
【解析】考查词汇。四个选项分别代入，involve(包含)比较符合语境，故正确答案为B。
53.【答案】D
【题干】调查小组在这些人开始服兵役的时候给他们做了身体和智商的测试，然后收集了相应的________。
A.答案
B.问题
C.标准
D.结果
【解析】考查词汇。根据上下文语境，文章中出现test一词，根据该线索词，与 之对应的为result，所以正确答案为D。
54.【答案】C
【题干】这个研究很好地展现了好的身体状况与智商测验的高分数________有明显的关系。
A.(表示范围)在……之内
B.在……之后
C.在……之间
D.在……以内
【解析】考查词汇，两者之间用between，所以正确答案为C。
55.【答案】D
【题干】最强烈的联系体现在________思维和语言理解能力上。
A.想象的
B.典型的
C.积极的
D.逻辑的
【解析】考查词汇。空白处后接thinking一词，上述四个选项能合理修饰thinking的只有logical，logical thinking：逻辑思维，其他搭配语义不通，所以正确答案为D。
56.【答案】C
【题干】但是只有健康而不是力量对智商测验起________的作用。
A.游戏
B.地方，座位
C.角色
D.戏法，计谋，恶作剧
【解析】考查词汇。四个选项分别代入后，固定搭配play a role in意为在……扮演一个角色，所以正确答案为C。
57.【答案】B
【题干】“健康”表明你心脏功能和肺——很好从而使得大脑供氧充足。
A.身材，状态
B.容量，性能
C.疾病
D.疗法，处理
【解析】考查词汇。四个选项分别代入lung capacity(肺活量)比较符合语境，所以正确答案为B。
58.【答案】D。
【题干】这就是为什么我们能发现这与身体健康有一个很清晰的关系，而不是和肌肉________。
A.锻炼，练习
B.训练
C.运动
D.强度
【解析】考查词汇。根据上下文语境，四个选项代入，意思分别为“肌肉锻炼”、“肌肉训练”、“肌肉运动”及“肌肉强度”。前两项意思相近，排除。“肌肉运动”这一说法不合理，所以正确答案为D。
59.【答案】A
【题干】通过对双胞胎数据的分析，研究者们________确定是环境因素而不是基因能够——健康和高智商的关系。
A.能够的，有能力的
B.聪明的
C.清楚的，明白的
D.运气的，幸运的
【解析】考查词汇。根据上下文语境，前一句提到了实验前提“分析双胞胎的数据”，这一前提使研究人员能够得出结论，所以正确答案为A。
60.【答案】B
【题干】通过对双胞胎数据的分析，研究者们能够确定是环境因素而不是基因能够________健康和高智商的关系。
A.期望，预料
B.解释，说明
C.连接，联结
D.分类，归类
【解析】考查词汇。四个选项分别代入，空白处后接the link一词，A，C，D语义不通，所以正确答案为B。
61.【答案】A
【题干】我们也发现那些________身体素质的青少年(15岁到l8岁)，他们的认知表现也提高了。
A.提高
B.更喜欢，宁愿
C.忽略
D.决定
【解析】考查动词。根据上下文语境，四个选项代入后，improve(提高)最符合语境，所以正确答案为A。
62.【答案】C
【题干】这就是事实，体育是在学校中很重要的________……
A.规则，规定
B.试验，测验
C.主题，科目
D.得分，根据
【解析】考查词汇。本段最后一句中出现other theoretical subjects，表明上述的内容应同样属于subject的范围，所以正确答案为C。
63.【答案】A
【题干】这就是事实，体育是在学校中很重要的一门科目，________我们想学好数学和其他理论学科的话。
假如，如果
B.到……为止
C.虽然，尽管，即使
D.如此，这样
【解析】考查条件状语从句。根据上下文语境，此题考查条件状语从句，引导词if意为“如果”，所以正确答案为A。
64.【答案】A
【题干】研究者还对比了在服兵役期间身体体能测试的结果________后来社会生
活期间身体体能测试的结果。
【解析】考查固定搭配，compare with表示“对比”，所以正确答案为A。
65.【答案】C
【题干】那些在18岁身体健康的孩子________去高等学府，或者有固定合适的工作。
A.可爱的，令人喜爱的
B.不同的，相异的，不相似的
C.可能的，适合的
D.同样的，相似的
【解析】考查词汇。四个选项分别代入后，likely与文意相符，所以正确答案为C。
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