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2013职称英语卫生类B试题解析（4）
The Ice Man
On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters) , the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than just .usual and so the body had come to the surface.
It was lying face down. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮) and a holder for arrows.
Who was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldier had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older,maybe even a thousand years old.
With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that the was probably in some kind of battle. It may have been part of a large war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.
By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.
1. The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because
A. the melted ice made him visible
B. two Germans were climbing the mountains
C. he was lying on the ice
D. he was just on a mountain pass
2. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A. The Iceman was killed while working.
B. The Iceman lived a poor life.
C. The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.
D. The Iceman was struck dead from behind.
3. All the following are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT .
A. he was a soldier in World War I
B. he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father
C. he was born about a thousand years ago
D. he came from Italy
4. The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman '
A. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead .
B. was probably in some kind of a battle
C. had got a wound on the back of his head
D. had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death
5. The word"bandits" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by
A. robbers
B. soldiers
C. hunters
D. shooters
参考译文及答案：
冰人
1991年9月的一天，两个德国人正在攀登位于奥地利和意大利之间的山脉，在山上一处要隘发现了一具躺在冰上的尸体。在那个高度（10，499英尺，3，200米），山上是常年结冰的，但是1991年特别温暖。山上的冰比往年融化得多，因此尸体就出现在冰面上了。
这具尸体面部朝下。除了头上的伤外，骨骼很完整。骨头上仍然保留着皮肤和衣物的残留。手上攥着一把斧头的木头把，脚上还穿着皮革布料制成的靴子。旁边还有一双树皮制成的手套和一个箭托。
这人是谁？他怎么样死的？何时死的？每个人对这些问题都有不同的回答。一些人认为这是本世纪死于第一次世界大战的士兵的尸体，因为这一区域有好几个士兵的尸体被发现了。
一位瑞士妇女认为那人是她父亲，他二十多年前死于这片山峦上而且尸体从未被找到过。蜂拥而至查看这具尸体的科学家们认为它的年代更久远，也许有一千多年了。
用现代断代技术，科学家们很快就发现这个冰人大约有5，300岁了。冰人生于公元前3300年，他生活在青铜器时代的欧洲。最初，科学家们认为他可能是一位死于高山上一场意外的猎户。然而更多的证据却显示了一个完全不同的故事。一种新型的X射线显示他的肩膀上仍然插着一个箭头。它仅在他的皮肤上留下了微小的孔，但是却导致体内损伤和出血。
基本上肯定他是由于这个伤口致死，而不是死于头后部的伤口。这表明他可能死于某场战斗中。也许这是一场大战役的一部分，或者他是死于同强盗搏斗中。他甚至可能本身就是一个强盗。
通过研究他的衣物和工具，科学家们得到了很多关于他生活的年代的信息。虽然我们永远都不会知道他是如何死的，但是他却已经让我们了解了很多关于那个遥远年代的重要历史线索。
1.A [解析]第一段最后一句提到：山里的积雪比平时融化得多一些，因此尸体就显露出来了。
2.C[解析]第二段提到：除了头部一处伤以外，骨架保存完好。这里是在暗示该冰人死于头上的伤，因为其他身体部位都是完好的。
3.D[解析]第三段后三句分别提到了A、B、C选项的内容，唯独D选项的内容没有提及。
4.B [解析]根据是第四段的倒数第三句：This means that the was probably in some kind of battle，
5.A [解析]bandit -词的意思是：强盗，土匪，因此选robber和它意思上最为接近。
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