职称英语综合类A级阅读理解及参考答案

时间：2021-01-06 17:10:58 职称英语我要投稿

2017职称英语综合类A级阅读理解及参考答案

　　Memory

2017职称英语综合类A级阅读理解及参考答案

　　It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

　　Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only " remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile.

　　Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for late use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"—— strings of alphabetic or numerical characters——ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

　　The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and kind of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.

　　31.What do the sentences at the beginning of the passage suggest?

　　A. Memory is useful.

　　B. Memory is important.

　　C. There is a relationship between memory and habits.

　　D. The past is connected with the present by memory.

　　32. According to the passage, memory is helpful in our daily life in the following aspects except

　　A. involving the change in the behavior.

　　B. keeping information for later use.

　　C. warning people not to do things repeatedly.

　　D. remembering events that happened in history.

　　33. With respect to the memory storage capacity, what is the author's idea about the comparison between human beings and computers?

　　A. Computers have no memory at all.

　　B. Computers are more powerful than adults.

　　C. Teenagers are inferior to computers.

　　D. Human beings are far superior to computers.

　　34. What is the major characteristic of a human being's memory capacity according to the text?

　　A. It can be expanded by language.

　　B. It can remember all the combined words.

　　C. It may keep all the information in the past.

　　D. It may change what has been stored in it.

　　35. According to the passage, human beings make themselves different from other animals by

　　A. having the ability to realize danger.

　　B. having a special memory capacity.

　　C. having a distinguished memory capacity.

　　D. having the ability to control himself.

　　参考答案：

　　BCDAC

　　Road Trip Vacations

　　It's summer. In the United States, it's the season of swimming pools, barbeques, camping and road trips.

　　Road trip vacations where the car journey is part of the fun are especially popular with college students, who like to explore the country on wheels. These budget trips are ideal for students who often have plenty of free time but little money.

　　"Ever since I went to college, I've been traveling around a lot, exploring the country," said Austin Hawkins, a 19-year-old college student from New York. This summer, Hawkins and his friends have spent weekends traveling in New England.

　　The best part about car trips, said Hawkins, is that you can be spontaneous. "On a road trip, if you get interested in things you see along the way you can stop and explore."

　　Matt Roberts, a 20-year-old student from Ohio who drove to Montreal, Canada, agrees. "With road trips you don't have to plan in advance, you can just get into a car and drive."

　　Even with high gas prices, driving with friends is cheaper than flying. Roberts paid about 40 dollars for gas, but a round trip plane ticket would have cost nearly 400 dollars.

　　Driving trips first became popular in the 1920s. Newly paved roads and improved, cars made it possible to travel longer distances. Motels started appearing outside cities.

　　By the 1950s, car ownership became the norm. Construction of the US interstate highway system began in 1956 and motel and restaurant chains popped up1 everywhere making long distance trips easier.

　　Today, the US has the highest car ownership rate in the world. Only 8 percent of American homes have no car, according to the most recent US census.

　　Though many college students don't own a car, most have access to one. 2 On many of Hawkins' trips, they used a borrowed van.

　　Hawkins' most memorable road trip took place over spring break. He and two friends drove from New York to New Orleans to volunteer, helping rebuild the city after Hurricane Katrina hit it last July. They crossed the country in two days and slept in their car in church parking lots.

　　Roberts' road trip to Canada last winter was even more eventful. Upon arriving in Montreal, they were lost in a blizzard and shivering in the -25°cold. To find their hotel, they turned on a laptop and drove around in circles until they found a spot with wireless Internet coverage.3

　　"I know we should have planned better, but we're young. Now, when I see those guys I always say: 'Remember when we were lost in the snow storm!' I'll never forget that."

　　36. Which of the following statements is NOT true of American college students?

　　A) They have little money.

　　B) They like traveling by bike.

　　C) They like to explore the country.

　　D) They often have plenty of free time.

　　37. What will Hawkins do when he sees something interesting on a road trip?

　　A) He will turn back.

　　B) He will drive around.

　　C) He will stop to explore.

　　D) He will stop exploring.

　　38. When did motels suddenly appear?

　　A) After the work to build the interstate highway system started.

　　B) When driving trips became popular.

　　C) After many roads were paved.

　　D) After new cars were made.

　　39. Which of the following words can best describe Hawkins' trip to New Orlends?

　　A) Eventful.

　　B) Colourful.

　　C) Delightful.

　　D) Unforgettable.

　　40. The word blizzard in paragraph 12 can be replaced by

　　A) snowstorm.

　　B) hurricane.

　　C) mist.

　　D) fog.

　　参考答案：

　　BCADA

　　Seeing the World Centuries Ago

　　If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor，it will not surprise you to lean that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost from the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.1

　　One of the earliest travel writers，a Greek geographer and historian named Strabo，lived around the time of Christ. Though Strabo is known to have traveled from east of the Black Sea west to Italy and as far south as Ethiopia，he also used details gleaned from other writers to extend and enliven his accounts. His multivolumed work Geography provides the only surviving account of the cities，peoples，customs，and geographical peculiarities of the whole known world of his time.

　　Two other classic travel writers，the ltalian Marco Polo and the Moroccan Ibn Battutah，lived in roughly the same time period. Marco Polo traveled to China with his father and uncle in about A.D.1275 and remained there 16 or 17 years，visiting several other countries during his travels. When Marco returned to ltaly he dictated his memoirs，including stories he had heard from others，to a scribe，with the resulting book II milione being an instant success.Though difficult to attest to the accuracy of all he says，Marco's book impelled Europeans to begin their great voyages of exploration. 2

　　lbn Battutah's interest in travel began on his required Muslim joumey to Mecca in 1325，and during his lifetime he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway. 3 His travel book

　　the Rihlah is a personalized account of desert journeys，court intrigues，and even the effect of the Back Death in the various lands he visited . In almost 30 years of traveling it is estimated that Ibn

　　Battutah covered more than 75，000 miles.

　　词汇:

　　venerable / 'ven?r?bl/ adj. 庄严的，值得尊敬的 enliven /in'laiv?n/ v. 使生动

　　account /?'kaunt/ n. 记述 voyage /'v?iid? / n. 航行

　　exotic /ig'z?tik/ v. 异国的，外来的

　　注释:

　　1. Almost from the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales. 几乎从最早有时间记载开始，人们就发现，他们对去一个陌生地方旅行的记录是不乏读者的。

　　2. …Marco's book impelled Europeans to begin their great voyages of exploration.……马可的书促使欧洲人开始了他们伟大的航海探索之旅。

　　3. …he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway.……他去了所有伊斯兰教掌权的国家旅行。

　　练习:

　　1. This passage is mostly about__________.

　　A) why people find travel writing exciting

　　B) the literary style of three early travel writers

　　C) where three early travel writers went and wrote about

　　D) how to write a travel book

　　2.Ibn Battutah traveled__________.

　　A) to China

　　B) to Ethiopia

　　C) throughout the Muslim word

　　D) for 16 or 17 years

　　3. The books bf the three writers were popular because__________.

　　A) they listed good places to stay

　　B) they told of strange and exotic locales

　　C) they explained the best routes to get to places

　　D) all of their stories were firsthand accounts

　　4. The overall organization of this passage is through__________.

　　A) chronological order

　　B) spatial description

　　C) travel writers’ personal narratives

　　D) persuasive details

　　5. In this passage attest means to__________.

　　A) give an examination to

　　B) draw a map of

　　C) tell lies to

　　D) give proof of

　　答案与题解：

　　1.C 本题问的是:这篇文章主要讲了什么? A的意思是为什么人们觉得旅行写作令人激动。

　　B 的意思是三位早期旅行作家的文学风格。C的意思是三位早期旅行作家去过的地方以及他们的写作内容。D的意思是如何写一部旅行作品。根据本文内容，C选项最符合题意。因此C是正确的答案。

　　2.C 本题问的是:Ibn Battutah到过哪里旅行?根据最后一段的第一句话:he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway，可知，他去过了所有穆斯林的国家。因此C是正确的答案。

　　3.B 本题问的是:三位作家的作品都很受欢迎，原因是什么? A 的意思是他们列出了好的地方。B的意思是他们写出了陌生的外面的地方。C的意思是他们说明了去一些地方的最好路线。D的意思是他们的.所有故事都是一手资料。根据第一段的最后一句话可知，旅行作品吸引读者的地方在于它描述了一个陌生的地方，因此B是正确的答案。

　　4.A 本题问的是:这篇文章的整体布局是依照什么?本文主要依照时间顺序介绍了公元前后的三位作家，按时间先后用序，因此A是正确的答案。

　　5. D 本题问的是:在这篇文章中attest是什么意思? attest出现在第三段的最后一句话，为的

　　是表达马可所说的无法被证实是否都属实。A的意思是考察。B的意思是画一张地图。C的意思是说谎。D的意思是证实。因此D是正确的答案。

　　“Lucky” Lord Lucan ----- Alive or Dead

　　On 8th November 1974 Lord Lucan，a British aristocrat，vanished. The day before，his children's nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case because Lucan has never been found. Now，over 30 years later，the police have reopened，the case，hoping that new DNA techniques will he1p solve this murder mystery.1

　　People suspected that“Lucky”，as he was called by friends，wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark，killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises，came downstairs and was also attacked，but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder，a jury conc1uded that Lucan had ki1led the nanny.

　　What happened next is unc1ear，but there are several theories which fall into one of three categories：he may have killed himself，he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder，“Lucky”borrowed a car and drove it，Lucan's friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in the English Channel.

　　Another version of events says that “Lucky” left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France.2 He was met there by someone who drove him to safety in another country. However，after a time，his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed.

　　A further fascinating theory was made in the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin，a former detective. He believes that Lucan travelled to Goa，India，where he assumed the identity of a Mr Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in Goa till his death in 1996. In the end the c1aim turned out be a case of mistaken identity. The man who died in 1996 was real1y Haplin，an ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. So what is the truth about Lucky? DNA testing has solved many murder cases，but who knows if it can cIose the book on this one. 3

　　词汇：

　　vanish / 'v rnf / v. 消失 suicide /'sjvisaid/ n. 自杀

　　case / keis / n. 案件 detective / d’ tekt iv/ n. 侦探

　　nanny /'n ni/ n. 保姆

　　注释：

　　1. Now，over 30 years later，the police have reopened the case，hoping that new DNA techniques will help solve this murder mystery. 30 多年后的今天，警察重新调查案件，希望新的 DNA技术帮助揭开这个谋杀之谜。

　　2. Another version of events says that “Lucky” left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. 另一个版本是说“幸运的”把被血染了的车子扔在了海岸上，乘上了一艘开往法国的船。

　　3. DNA testing has solved many murder cases，but who knows if it can close the book on this one.

　　DNA 鉴定破了很多谋杀案件，但是不知它能否把这个案件做个了结。

　　练习：

　　1. The public are still interested in the investigation because______.

　　A) of the terrible murder

　　B) of the use of new DNA techniques

　　C) Lord Lucan has never been found

　　D) Loard Lucan was famous

　　2. It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because______.

　　A) she was looking after the children

　　B) she was a friend of Lucan's

　　C) it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan

　　D) Loard Lucan thought the nanny stole his car

　　3. Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by______.

　　A) jumping into water

　　B) jumping out of his house

　　C) sailing his boat

　　D) sinking his boat

　　4. Lucan could have been killed because people ______.

　　A) didn't want the police to catch him

　　B) thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught

　　C) were unhappy with him

　　D) thought he was rich

　　5. Ex-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr Barry Haplin ______.

　　A) was an old schoolteacher

　　B) died in Goa，India

　　C) was really Lord Lucan in disguise

　　D) was a merchant

　　答案与题解：

　　1. C 本题问的是：公众对这件谋杀的调查依旧很感兴趣的原因是什么?根据第一段第二句话：To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case because. Lucan has never been found. 可知 C 是正确的答案。

　　2. C 本题问的是：Lucan 被认为是杀了保姆的凶手是因为什么? A 的意思是保姆正在照看孩子。B 的意思是她是 Lucan 的一个朋友。C 的意思是一片漆黑中 Lucan 以为她是自己的太太。D 的意思是Lucan 认为保姆偷了他的车。根据原文意思，可知 C 是正确的答案。

　　3. D本题问的是：Aspinall 认为 Lucan 是怎样自杀的?根据第三段的最后一句话：他觉得

　　Lucan 伯爵在英吉利海峡弄沉了自己坐的船，已经自杀了。因此 D 是正确的答案。

　　4. B本题问的是：Lucan 可能已经被杀了，原因是什么?根据第四段的最后一句话：他们担心自己也会被卷入到谋杀案件中，因此杀了 Lucan。最符合此意的选项为 B ，意思为他们觉得如果 Lucan 被捕，他有可能跟警察提起这些人。

　　5. C 本题问的是：前侦探 MacLaughlin 声称Barry Haplin是什么?根据本文最后一段：

　　MacLaughlin确信，Lucan 逃到了印度的果阿，在那里他换了个身份假装 Barry Haplin 这个人。C的意思是 Barry Haplin 是 Lucan 伯爵假装的。因此C是正确的答案。

　　From Sundials to Multi-functional Watches

　　It was probably around 3,000 years ago that people first began inventing ways to help themselves measure the time. Having observed that shadow move around trees as the sun moves across the sky, someone drew a circle and put a stick in the center. As the sun passed overhead, he marked even division on the circle as the shadow of the stick crossed it.

　　Then people could tell which part of the day it was by noticing which mark on the circle the shadow fell across. These circles were called "sundials".

　　A water clock was another way to tell time. A container had a line with a number beside it for every hour. It also had a tiny hole in the bottom. The container was filled with water that dripped through the hole. When the water level reached the first line, one hour had passed. Each time the water level fell to another line, one more hour has passed.

　　It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with the face and an hour hand was made. Watches came into use as soon as clocks were made small enough to be carried. Then in the last century came automatic watches, electric watches and quartz watches, etc.

　　It is interesting to review briefly the history of the clock and watch development. Now, people have some new conception about watches. They think that watches don't just tell you the time, they also make a statement about your personal style, and even your character. They reveal the taste, personal preferences and hobbies of the person that wear them.

　　Now we bring you the latest offerings from a famous Japanese watchmaker so you won't be behind the times.

　　Casio watches are mostly digital, a good choice for those who prefer to stay in the digital age.

　　The Forester series is designed to suit hikers: bands made of leather or cloth, outer shell in frosted metal. A watch of this type has an automatic lighting function. If you turn it 30 degrees in the dark, the light on the back of the dial will come on.

　　There is a series for women, too. Light colours and streamlined design add some feminine flavour to the stiff numbers of the range.

　　The Data Bank series is a great help to those with bad memories. You can store as many as 30 phone numbers in it, and set five alarms.

　　Another Casio offering is a Futurist series with square dials. Two in this range have a vibrating function in the place of an alarm so that their reminder won't go unnoticed even in noisy environment and you can avoid embarrassing noisy alarm calls on occasions requiring quiet.

　　Those in the Pela series are also named film watch, because they are super-thin. They have plenty of function: dial time, phone number memory and stopwatch.

　　Casio has announced its new wrist audio player has been launched to the market. MP3 music documents can be downloaded from the Internet, or CD through computer and then played on the new watch. This " first wrist audio player" will undoubtedly be equipment for the new generation.

　　Baby-G series offers an interesting feature —— fortune-telling. Your luck, health, personal relationships and everything can be divined through the piece's index.

　　41. A sundial is a device to tell people the time by using

　　A. the sun

　　B. the tree

　　C. the stick

　　D. the circle

　　42. What is the main feature of the Casio Forester series?

　　A. The music function

　　B. The automatic lighting function

　　C. The memory function

　　D. The compass function

　　43. Where are the two types of the Futurist series most suitably used?

　　A. A place requiring intelligence.