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自考公共课英语(二)各题型应试技巧-词形变化
词形变化（ Word Form ）应试技巧
1.熟练掌握动词词形变化规律。注意：动词形式既包括谓语动词的各种形式，如时态、语态及语气（直陈、虚拟）等，虚拟语气为重点，几年来的考题中都有这方面内容；也包括非谓语动词的各种形式。所以做动词的词形变化时，首先要搞清楚它在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后再作相应的变化。
2.认真学好并熟悉课文。本题所选用的句子是根据教材中出现的句子编写的，其中多数来自课文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。
3.认真钻研相关的语法讲解。主要指谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词比较等级、情态动词、虚拟语气形容词比较级、最高级，等部分。
动词：动词是考试的重点。主要包括：动词的时态、语态、语气和非谓语动词。
1）动词的时态：重点是动词的过去时、完成时。
So far， Irving ______（live） in New York City for ten years. has lived
Many a writer of newspaper articles_______（trun） to writing novels during the past decade. has turned
Some people think relations between people _______（deteriorate） so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible . have deteriorated
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______（happen） to her.
had happened
In the past two decades， research _____（expand） our knowledge about sleep and dreams . has expanded
2）动词的语态：主要掌握各个时态的被动式。
The nations that _______actively ________（involve） in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， Russia， and the United States. are involved
There __________（estimate） to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Brtain in 1995. were estimated
3）动词的语气：
A.掌握非真实条件句中，谓语动词在主句和条件句中的虚拟语气形式。
If you had come earlier， you ______ （not miss） the first act of the play.
would not have missed
If it hadn‘t been for your help， we _____（be） in real trouble.
would have been
B.在表示建议、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“紧迫性”等含义的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，由“动词原形”或“should + 动词原形”构成。 should 常常省略
I would recommend that you _______（think） about doing something similar for yourself. （should） think
It was imperative that students ______（finish） their papers before July 1st.
（should） finish
C.动词wish 、would rather （sooner）、if only、as if 后的虚拟语气。
I would rather he _____（buy） the house next year.
bought （ 表示从句中动作尚未发生）
She treats me as if I ______ （be） a stranger. were
The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____（ meet） them before.
had met
If only we ______（have） a phone！ I‘m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.
D.in case ， for fear that ， lest 等词后从句的谓语动词为（should） + 原形。
He took his umbrella with him lest it _______ （rain.）
（should） rain
E.在It is （high） time that 从句中谓语动词一般用过去时动词。
It‘s high time that we _______（take） firm measures to protect our environment. took
F.时间错综条件句，动词的形式要根据表示的时间调整。
如果我们早动身，现在就不会在雨中走了。
If we had set out earlier，we wouldn‘t be walking in the rain.
（从句中动作发生在过去，主句中动作发生在现在。）