2019届高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷
一、单项填空
The health of garden plants depends on the soil _____ --the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water.
A. construction B. conservation
C. corporation D. composition.
Last December China _____ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country’s reform and opening-up.
A. distinguished B. sponsored
C. acknowledged D. evaluated
Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n) _____ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.
A. modest B. equal
C. considerable D. exact
Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done _______.
A. artificially B. manually
C. comprehensively D. gradually
____ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.
A. On top of B. In the silence of
C. On account of D. In the absence of
A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.
A. as B. who
C. whom D. whose
Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small. You don’t know _____ it can lead.
A. how B. where
C. whether D. what
---I don’t understand why Catherine stopped short _____ she ought to have continued.
---It’s obvious that she lacked self-confidence.
A. when B. while
C. if D. as
Guangdong province rolled out new guidelines, _____ offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.
A. defining B. defined
C. to define D. having defined
It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he _____ as an interpreter in a foreign enterprise.
A. served B. had served
C. is serving D. would serve
---We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale _____.
--- Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online
A. fell through B. got through
C. cleared up D. looked up
Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ______ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.
A. would never succeed B. never succeeded
C. would never have succeeded D. have never succeeded
He was still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once ______ him get worried or upset.
A. I saw B. I would see
C. did I see D. would I see
I was telling a joke and Sam just interrupted me to tell a different one. He always _____!
A. bites his tongue B. saves his skin
C. steals my thunder D. pulls my leg
---I’ve heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right ______
--- Many thanks.
A. Good for you B. You asked for it
C. There you are D. You’ve gone too far
二、完形填空
I first started writing in the summer of 1998. Back then I was a teacher. After years of dreaming, I decided it was finally time to write a book. For 10 years I wrote, ______ four middle-grade novels and six pictures books almost only to editors. This was ______ in the snail-mail age. Remember the ______ you experienced as a child waiting for birthday presents to arrive in the mail That was me for the better part of a decade.
In Spring 20xx, at the last minute, I decided to hand in a middle-grade historical novel-in-verse to a ______ at a local writing conference. I knew in my heart that it was my ______ work, but I wasn’t sure how it would be ______ alongside pieces meant for the adult market. But then ----I won. My prize ______ a one-on-one interview with an editor who, after ______ my manuscript, asked, “Why don’t you have a(n) ______ yet”
Not long after that, I ______ with my first agent. Then in 20xx, after parting with my first agent, I was again faced with the ______ for representation. This time I submitted to three agencies and got two ______. Over the span of 20 years, I’ve got 18 completed manuscripts and was ______ almost 350 times. It took me 14 years to see my first book ______ the shelf. You could look at these numbers and get pretty ______. I can look at these numbers and feel the same. I know plenty of people with a ______ apprenticeship(学徒期). I have friends who have been more ______. All sorts of authors I ______ with in 20xx have published far more than I have. But here’s the ______ thing I’ve learned in the last 20 years: My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.
The writing life is a long-term journey. There is no right way. There is no ______ fix. There is no easy road. There is a lot of frustration and disappointment, but there is joy and satisfaction, too.
1.A. submitting B. lending C. keeping D. presenting
2.A. soon B. back C. already D. later
3.A. appreciation B. entertainment C. anticipation D. embarrassment
4.A. publisher B. newspaper C. reception D. competition
5.A. initial B. casual C. innovative D. subjective
6.A. criticized B. processed C. received D. distributed
7.A. followed B. concluded C. ensured D. confirmed
8.A. correcting B. polishing C. monitoring D. reviewing
9.A. agent B. client C. instructor D. fan
10.A. signed B. bargained C. dealt D. reasoned
11.A. excuse B. affection C. hunt D. request
12.A. offers B. substitutions C. professions D. complaints
13.A. registered B. rejected C. defeated D. deserted
14.A. under B. beside C. off D. on
15.A. amused B. inspired C. touched D. frustrated
16.A. longer B. heavier C. shorter D. newer
17.A. famous B. intelligent C. enthusiastic D. productive
18.A. debated B. mixed C. cooperated D. disagreed
19.A. key B. handy C. funny D. lively
20.A. temporary B. quick C. possible D. flexible
三、阅读理解
Company Names That Have Secret Meanings
Co-founder Larry Page was at a brainstorming session at Stanford for a new massive data indexing website. Someone suggested “googolplex”—one of the largest describable NUMBERS. Page shortened it to “googol.” When he later checked for the availability of the domain name, he made a mistake and typed in “google” instead. But he liked the name and registered it for himself and co-founder Sergey Brin.
This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named for the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.
Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity.
The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908.
1.Which company name has a close relationship with literature
A. Google. B. Cadillac.
C. Starbucks. D. Rolex.
2.Which of the following statements is True
A. Google was adopted because “googol” was not available then.
B. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company.
C. Starbucks was used due to the co-founder’s love for his town.
D. Hans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted.
If you could travel back in time five centuries, you’d encounter a freshly painted “Mona Lisa” in Renaissance Europe and cooler temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere. This was a world in the midst of the Little Ice Age and a period of vast European exploration now known as the Age of Discovery.
But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century Would the world seem as different to us as the 21st century would have seemed to residents of the 16 century For starters, what will the weather be like
Depending on whom you ask, the 26th century will either be a little chilly or extremely hot. Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions. Other studies predict that ongoing climate change and fossil fuel use will leave much of the planet too hot for human life by 2300. Some experts date the beginning of human climate change back to the Industrial Revolution in the18oos, others to slash-and-burn agricultural practices in prehistoric times. Either way, tool-wielding humans alter their environment --- and our 26th century tools might be quite impressive indeed.
Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku predicts that in a mere 100 years, humanity will make the leap from a type zero civilization to a type I civilization on the Kardashev Scale. In other words, we’ll become a species that can use the entire sum of a planet’s energy, mastering clean energy technologies such as fusion and solar power. Furthermore, they’ll be able to handle planetary energy in order to control global climate.
Technology has improved significantly since the 1500s, and this pace will likely continue in the centuries to come. Physicist Stephen Hawking proposes that by the year 2600, this growth would see 10 new theoretical physics papers published every 10 seconds. If Moore’s Law holds true and both computer speed and complexity double every 18 months, then some of these studies may be the work of highly intelligent machines.
What other technologies will shape the world of the 26th century Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a computerized state of living forever. Humans will farm the oceans, travel in starships and reside in both lunar and Martian colonies while robots explore the outer cosmos.
1.Why does the author mention the Little Ice Age in the first paragraph
A. To show the severity of the current global warming.
B. To stress the close connection with the current climate.
C. To provide contrast to the prediction of future climate.
D. To illustrate the importance of protecting the environment.
2.The prediction that Earth will cool down is based on _____.
A. changes in solar activity B. ongoing climate change
C. previous general assumptions D. current consumption of fossil fuel
3.What effect will the 26th century technologies have on human beings
A. Humans will suffer from severe global warming.
B. Cyber technology helps human personalities survive.
C. Humans needn’t work with the application of robots.
D. Highly intelligent machines will replace humans.
How would you describe your style Formal Classical Casual Smart First of all, what is style Let’s hear a few words of wisdom from the wise. “Style is knowing who you are and what you want to say,” (Gore Vidal); “Style is an expression of individualism mixed with charm,” (John Fairchild); “Style is the perfection of a point of view,” (Robert Eberhart); “Style is a simple way of saying complicated things,” (Jean Cocteau); “Style is the dress of thoughts,” (Lord Chesterfield).
So, now you know what style is, you’ll need to buy some clothes. But where In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They’re great if you want exclusive labels but don’t want to pay the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are. But don’t worry, Leila Gray can help you here. She’s the proud owner of a vintage Hardy Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for ￡20---a good deal when you realize it cost more than ￡800 new. “You have to go to the richer areas of a city,” she says. “That’s where all the labels are. It can take a bit of hunting around, but that is half the fun, and there’s a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered.”
So, now you know where to buy your new, stylish clothes, how do you acquire your style Experts say that mixing and matching from charity shops can help you find your own style----something that’s really you. That’s what Scottish musician Morus did. “My fashion tip is this,” he says, “Look at yourself with the eye of a graphic designer. If you can’t be attractive, aim for ‘interesting’ or ‘original’.” Momus’ unique style could even make him happier, too. As psychologist Marilyn Elias explains, the happiest people “judge themselves by their own yardsticks, never against what others do or have”.
Shoichi Aoki, the founder of Japanese street style magazine FRUiTS, agrees. “I think real fashion is what people wear on the streets, the clothes that they wear, the way that they wear them,” he says. “What you see in fashion magazines and on models has been styled and it’s more commercial.” He says that his inspiration for FRUiTS came from people combining traditional Japanese clothing such as the kimono and “geta” (Japanese wooden clogs) with Western fashion. “This really caught my eye,” Aoki adds. These styles may seem wild, but Aoki’s idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you.
Maybe it’s time to create your own look. There are many online guides to help you. Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow, “If you see something you like,” it says, “feel free to copy, but don’t make yourself a clone… mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it!
1.What should you first do to choose they style that best suits you
A. Follow the images of the wise people. B. Go for whatever is fashionable.
C. Simplify complicated expressions. D. Figure out what a true style is.
2.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Getting clothes of leading brands. B. Buying clothes at rather low prices.
C. Searching for really good bargains. D. Starting a charity shop selling clothes.
3.What is the focus of Shoichi Aoki and his magazine FRUiTS
A. Commercialization of fashion magazines.
B. Expression of something personal and creative.
C. Designing fashionable wear for men in the street.
D. Promoting Japanese traditional clothing worldwide.
4.What is probably the best title for the passage
A. How to find the style that suits you B. Where to pick up a bargain
C. What to wear to develop your style D. Whom to model to be popular
J.K. Rowling is the author of the most successful book series in history, but her attempt to take on a new career as a screenwriter hasn’t been as smooth as she may have thought it would be. The sequel(续篇), “Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald”, shows that even the most successful author in the world is in need of checks and balances when making the transition to cinema.
Following the sale of half a billion copies of the Harry Potter series, Rowling is working hard to extend and enrich the mythology she created around the child wizard. In contrast to the eight Harry Potter movies, which were based on the seven books and most of which were written by experienced screenwriter Steve Kloves, the “Fantastic Beasts” series is scripted only by Rowling. This time she skipped the bookstores and went straight to the movie theater.
The “Fantastic Beasts” series takes its title from one of Harry Potter’s textbooks. The leap backward in time, a new set of adult heroes and a globe-spanning background show that Rowling is in tune with her fans and the spirit of the times. Harry Potter and his friends started out as a typical product of 1990s naivety, but since then the loyal veteran audience has experienced the shocks of the 21st century and grown mature and discouraged. The “Fantastic Beasts” series feel less like children’s fare; they deal with adults and frightening events that occurred in Europe at the end of the 1920s.
It’s 1927, and the criminal Grindelwald has escaped from prison to Europe. The hero, Newt Scamander, a zoologist of fantastic beasts, prefers to distance himself from politics and maintain his improvised nature reserve in London. But the young Prof. Dumbledore reminds him that neutrality is not an option in hard times. Dumbledore urges him to cross the Channel to Paris and stop Grindelwald, who is trying to plot a war to ensure the purity of the wizard race.
The rough outline of the plot constitutes only part of the movie. There are many other characters who appear in the mystery. I will mention the boy Credence who continues to have a central role in the struggle between the hero and the villain, even as his background remains a mystery. Similarly, Newt’s brother and partner, the snake-woman Nagini, and other new and old characters hint at an obscure past and future. Rowling populates her world with characters large and small, odd beasts and simplifies its story to lay the foundation work of the universe. The film lays strong foundations of mystery, but forgets to build any sort of structure above them. It’s like a construction site where the budget ran out too fast.
With movie screens full of superheroes and fantasy films, and every studio trying to float a fictional universe, Rowling is today’s most creative builder of cinema worlds, but there’s still a difference between her and a mega-corporation like Disney. Every character and beast is there because Rowling said so, not because the marketing division thought it would promote sales of merchandise. Rowling clearly has a true passion to create a mythology, and just as clearly, she hasn’t yet finished creating it.
The “Fantastic Beasts” series offers a world even fuller than that of Harry Potter. Once more she collaborates with David Yates, who directed the last four Harry Potter movies and now the two “Fantastic Beasts” pictures. Still, the world she’s created would be even more wondrous if Rowling had only filled it out with a crystallized or at least coherent plot. In the Harry Potter series, she mostly succeeded in making the films into independent works. But without experienced screenwriters to mediate between her imagination and the screen, the two “Fantastic Beasts” episodes are more like a chess game in which the creator moves characters from A to B as part of a broader strategy---which remains unclear.
“Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald” is a film made for existing fans and doesn’t bother to appeal to a new audience. Not by chance does it offer a more mature world for fans who have grown up at least as much as Daniel Radcliffe. For them, the movie delivers the goods, but little of the magic remains. If Rowling continues to put out films without a beginning and an end, her world will collapse, leaving only the middle. It may be entertainment with captivating characters and effects, but it’s not a movie.
1.What changes has J.K. Rowling made in her writing career
A. She was forced to abandon her original writing career and start a new one.
B. She was determined to skip the bookstores and publish books on her own.
C. She started a new fantasy book having nothing to do with the Harry Potter series.
D. She tried to enrich the Harry Potter series as a screenwriter rather than a novelist.
2.Who are probably the target audience of the “Fantastic Beasts” series
A. Kids newly introduced to magic. B. Teenage students with grand dreams.
C. Adults going through life changes. D. Professional critics of fantasy books.
3.What are the features of the “Fantastic Beasts” series
A. Complex story and exciting characters.
B. Simple story but abundant characters.
C. Childish story and strange characters.
D. Sad story but inspiring characters.
4.Big corporations like Disney choose movie characters and beasts based on _____.
A. potential profitability of the movies B. preference of their screenwriters
C. consultation with the original author D. investigation into successful films
5.How does the author explain Rowling’s failure to create a clear plot
A. By describing shooting processes. B. By listing official statistics.
C. By drawing a comparison. D. By citing examples.
6.What does the author think of J. K. Rowling’s performance as a screenwriter
A. It is really a disappointment for movie goers.
B. It is widely acknowledged by her book fans.
C. There exits much more magic in her screenplay.
D. There is still much room for improvement.
四、任务型阅读
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应的题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you).
This is especially true for the development of emotional intelligence because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple facets of EI. The key is to find one that guarantees confidentiality to those giving you feedback and that is focused on development and not on performance assessment.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in hour sense of self that being intrinsically(内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations(渴望). Understanding the impacts of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over the long haul as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
Once you’ve determined which EI skills you want to focus on, identify specific actions that you’ll take. If you’re working on becoming a better listener, for example, you might decide that when you’re conversing with someone you’ll take the time to pause, listen to what they have to say, and check that you understand before you reply. Keep it specific. You should also take every naturally occurring opportunity to practice the skill you’re developing, no matter how small.
By starting to change your routine reactions, you’ll be well on your way to figuring out the old habits that aren’t serving you well and transforming them into new, improved ones that do.
Passage outline
Supporting details
Introduction
Though globally acknowledged, EI still 1. professionals, for they aren’t aware of how to improve it.
Approaches to strengthening EI
Spot the 2. between self-perception and reputation
●With external reality check, we are 3. of understanding our interactions accurately.
●We are 4. to change our behavior by getting an outside feedback.
●We are expected to 5. how self-perception differs from reputation in all aspects.
Find out what 6. to us
We should clearly 7. our goals and focus our effort on improving ourselves instead of just learning a skill.
8. the outside feedback with our goals can give us support on the way to strengthening our EI.
Identify what changes we will make
Be 9.about the actions and take advantage of every possible opportunity to practice EI skills.
Summary
10. useless old habits and develop new ones in areas for improvement others have identified with your own goals to strengthen your EI.
五、概要写作
请认真阅读下面的图文信息,并按要求用英语写一篇 150 字左右的`文章。
Sports classes are very important to students’ health and overall well-being. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated that over the past three years obesity in children and adolescents has doubled because of diet and lack of activity.
A recent survey by the China Youth Daily showed that 64.7 percent of the 2,003 respondents found sports classes in middle schools unsatisfactory.
The government has begun to address the problem. According to a guideline on high school entrance exam reform released by the Ministry of Education in 20xx, scores of physical education will be considered in enrollment for senior high schools.
（写作内容）
1. 用约 30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 结合上述信息,简要分析目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因;
3. 就如何改进目前中学体育课现状提出你的建议(不少于两点).
（写作要求）
（1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
（2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（3）文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（4）不必写标题。
（评分标准） 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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