英语完全及物动词语法

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英语完全及物动词语法

　　下面是小编搜集整理的英语完全及物动词语法，快来看看吧。

英语完全及物动词语法

　　完全及物动词

　　稍早提到，完全及物动词就是加了宾语后意思很完整的动词，有主动及被动两个语态。在此，我们要与大家讨论主动语态。至于被动语态用法，我们则将在语态的专篇中再讨论。完全及物动词在主动语态中，用法极为简单，句型如下：主语+完全及物动词+宾语(Object,简称O.)

　　例：Peter loves music.

　　(彼得喜爱音乐。)

　　They want to go dancing.

　　(他们要去跳舞。)

　　He thinks that the book is good.

　　(他认为这本书很好。)

　　完全及物动词用法

　　完全及物动词的宾语有名词、代词、不定式、动名词、名词从句及名词短语等。同学稍加注意，就可发现这些词类、短语或从句均有名词的特性，故亦同时可以做主语。

　　1.名词充当及物动词的宾语

　　例：he didn't but that car.

　　(他没有买那部车。)

　　2.代词充当及物动词的宾语

　　例：i don't like john,indeed,i hate him.

　　(我不喜欢约翰，事实上，我恨他。)

　　3.动名词充当及物动词的宾语：并非所有及物动词均可用动名词做宾语。常以动名词做宾语的动词有下列几个：

　　例：he considered studying abroad.

　　(他考虑出国念书。)

　　i once imagined going to the beach with them.

　　(我曾想象和他们去海边。)

　　i just can't fancy getting along with them.

　　(我无法想象和他们相处的情形。)

　　he risked doing it.

　　(他冒险做这事。)

　　i avoided seeing him again.

　　(我避免再看见他。)

　　he escaped being killed in the accident.

　　(他在意外中幸免于难。)

　　they suggested putting off the game.

　　(他们建议比赛延期。)

　　he recommended traveling abroad.

　　(他建议去国外旅行。)

　　i enjoy dancing.

　　(我喜欢跳舞。)

　　i resent having to do so much work.

　　(我讨厌要做这么多工作。)

　　i practiced playing the piano.

　　(我练习弹钢琴。)

　　he stopped/quit smoking.

　　(他戒烟了。)

　　would you mind opening the window for me?

　　(你介意为我打开窗户吗?)

　　注意

　　resist+v-ing 拒绝=refuse+to+原形动词

　　例：i refused to do it.

　　(我拒绝做此事。)

　　i couldn't resist crying when i heard the sad news.

　　(我听见这个令人悲伤的消息时，忍不住哭了出来。)

　　注意

　　expect+to+原形动词期望……=anticipate+v-ing

　　例：i expect to travel around the world with him.

　　=i anticipate travelling around the world with him.

　　(我期望和他一起环游世界。)

　　注意

　　stop+v-ing 停止=quit+v-ing=cease+v-ing/to+原形动词

　　例：he stopped writing when he saw me.

　　(当他看见我时就不写了。)

　　he decided to quit smoking.

　　(他决定戒烟。)

　　he ceased to talk to her/(talking to her)after he knew she was so bad.

　　(当他知道她这么坏时，就不再和她说话。)

　　注意

　　stop+to+原形动词停下来而去……

　　例：he stopped to talk to me when he saw me.

　　=he stopped(what he was doing)to talk to me when he saw me.

　　(他看见我时，停下来和我说话。)

　　注意

　　continue(继续)，start(开始),begin(开始),like(喜欢)，love(爱)，dislike(不喜欢)，hate(恨)，可用不定式或动名词做宾语，意思不变。

　　例：he continued trying/(to try) it.

　　(他继续试着做。)

　　they started building/(to build) the house.

　　(他们开始建这栋房子。)

　　i like/love/hate/dislike listenint/(to listen) to music.

　　(我喜欢/爱/厌恶/不喜欢听音乐。)

　　4.名词从句充当及物动词的宾语

　　稍早我们已为同学介绍名词从句的构成方式、种类及其功能，再提醒一下，名词从句有三种：

　　(1)that he can't do it

　　(他不能做此事)

　　(2)whether he will come

　　(他是否会来)

　　(3)疑问词引导的名词从句

　　when he will do it

　　(他何时做)

　　what he is doing

　　(他正在做什么)

　　how he'll handle it

　　(他如何处理此事)

　　为了方便记忆起见，我们可将名词从句记成“戴慧怡”。戴：即that之讹音;慧：即whether第一音节之讹音;怡：即疑问词从句“疑”之同音字，由于名词从句具有名词的功能，故亦可做及物动词的宾语。

　　例：i believe that he is a man of his word.

　　(我相信他是个有信用的人。)

　　i wonder whether he can do it.

　　(我不知道他是否能够做此事。)

　　i don't know where he lives.

　　(我不知道他住哪里。)

　　注意

　　that从句做及物动词的宾语时，名词从句连接词that通常予以省略

　　例：they feel(that)it is hard to do the job.

　　(他们觉得做这件工作很难。)

　　he thinks(that)the book is worthy of reading.

　　(他认为这本书值得读。)

　　注意

　　whether从句做及物动词的宾语时，名词从句连接词whether亦可被if取代。

　　例：i don't know whether the typhoon will come.

　　=i don't know if the typhoon will come.

　　(我不知道台风是否会来。)

　　i doubt whether the man is competent enough to handle it.

　　=i doubt if the man is competent enough to handle it.

　　(我不知道这个人是否有足够的能力处理此事。)

　　但：whether从句若做主语、介词的宾语或be动词的补语，则whether不可被if取代。

　　①whether从句做主语：

　　例：whether he can go is not yet known.(o)

　　(他是否能去还不知道。)

　　if he can go is not yet known.(x)

　　但：it is not yet known whether he can go.(o)

　　=it is not yet known if he can go.(o)

　　②whether从句做介词的宾语

　　例：he is worried about whether he can join them.(o)

　　(他很担心是否能加入我们。)

　　he is worried about if he can join them(x)

　　③whether从句做be动词的补语：

　　例：the problem is whether he has enough money for the trip.

　　(问题在于他是否有足够的钱旅行。)

　　the problem is if he has enough money for the trip.(x)

　　5.名词短语(构成方式见第一节第5项)充当及物动词的宾语

　　例：i know how to handle the problem.

　　(我知道如何处理这问题。)

　　i don't know whom to talk to.

　　(我不知道该向谁说。)

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