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2018考研英语完型填空备考试题
备考题一：
Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.
As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.
Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .
I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.
1. A. HenceB. HoweverC. Anyway D. Furthermore
2. A. joyB. discomfortC. convenienceD. relief
3. A. considerationB. attentionC. belief D. concern
4. A. againstB. forC. inD. on
5. A. In consequenceB. On the other handC. In factD. After all
6. A. instinctivelyB. instantlyC. spontaneouslyD. reluctantly
7. A. sufferB. subjectC. submitD. sustain
8. A. certainB. sureC. doubtlessD. right
9. A. enteredB. joinedC. attendedD. involved
10. A. reasonB. persuade C. argueD. suggest
11. A. stopB. objectC. banD. prevent
12. A. entirelyB. likelyC. generallyD. possibly
13. A. likelyB. probableC. properD. possible
14. A. outB. forC. onD. up
15. A. ratherB. betterC. moreD. other
16. A. prohibitedB. protectedC. reservedD. cleared
17. A. FurthermoreB. ConsequentlyC. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere
18. A. ideaB. dutyC. senseD. responsibility
19. A. persistB. maintainC. stickD. adhere
20. A. in mindB. in headC. in heartD. in memory
参考答案及解析：
1. 【答案】B. However
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. however 然而，正合题意。hence 因此;anyway(=in any case, at any rate) 无论如何;furthermore 而且，此外。根据逻辑意思应选 B. However。
2. 【答案】B. discomfort
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配. 从上文意思看，上句有pleasure 一词，however 表示语气转折，可见后面应选 discomfort, 形成对照。
3. 【答案】D. concern
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. express one’s concern about(or for, over)表达对….的关心，顾虑：1)He didn’t show much concern about (or for) it.
2) The Prime Minister expressed his concern over the strike that had lasted for two months or so.
consideration 考虑，思考：1) Your proposal is now under consideration. (你的建议正在考虑中。) 2) You should take these facts into consideration.
attention 注意：pay attention to, give attention to, devote attention to, draw attention to (吸引对…..的注意)，attract one’s attention(吸引某人的注意力)。
belief (in) 相信，信赖：I have great belief in his ability to succeed. 可见，consideration, attention 与 belief 均不切题。
4. 【答案】D. on
【解析】本题测试结构搭配. The effect of smoking on the health 吸烟对健康的影响。
5. 【答案】C. In fact
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.in fact 事实上，实际上。从上下文的意思来看，正合题意。in consequence 因此，on the other hand 另一方面，after all 毕竟，均不符合题意。
6. 【答案】D. reluctantly
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. reluctantly 勉强的;instinctively 本能的，天生的;spontaneously 自发地;instantly 立即。可见，reluctantly 正合题意。
7. 【答案】A. suffer
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. suffer vt./vi. 遭受，受到;正合题意。subject…to 使……受到…..：He was subjected to severe criticism.
submit vt. 1) 提交：We have submitted your request to the committee. 2) (与to 连用) vt./vi. 服从，听任：I refuse to submit (myself) to his control.
sustain vt. 1) 支撑: These two posts sustain the whole roof. 2) 经受，承受：She sustained a great loss in the death of her husband. 从上下文的逻辑意思和词义搭配来看，suffer 是正确的选择。
备考题二：
Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .
The ridge 6 on a person’ finger doesn’t change 7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .
Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.
1. A. uselessnessB. quantityC. magnitudeD. uniqueness
2. A. naturally B. exactlyC. especiallyD. particularly
3. A. passed onB. passed awayC. passed outD. passed off
4. A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as
5. A. reasonB. causeC. groundD. case
6. A. constructionB. structureC. locationD. position
7. A. withB. because ofC. untilD. under
8. A. graveB. severeC. substantialD. superficial
9. A. outsideB. outwardC. innerD. outer
10. A. in timeB. on timeC. at timesD. behind time
11. A. originalB. differentC. definiteD. customary
12. A. restoredB. hurtC. destroyedD. restricted
13. A. diminishB. disposeC. undermineD. remove
14. A. andB. butC. whenD. if
15. A. makeB. takeC. doD. adapt
16. A. realizationB. detectionC. identificationD. investigation
17. A. In spite ofB. Irrespective ofC. Because ofD. In case of
18. A. suspectedB. doubtedC. distrustedD. doubtful
19. A. out of caseB. in vainC. at randomD. in question
20. A. lookB. expressionC. appearanceD. sight
参考答案及解析：
1. 【答案】D. uniqueness
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。uniqueness 独一无二，独特性，正合题意。magnitude 大小，数量;quantity 数量;uselessness 无用性;均与题意相悖，不能入选。
2. 【答案】B. exactly
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。 exactly (= correctly; quite) 确切地，完全地：They are exactly alike. naturally 自然地;especially 和 particularly 尤其的，特别的;逻辑上均不符合题意，故不入选。
3. 【答案】A. passed on
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配。pass on (=convey to other)把……..传递给另外的人：We should pass on the fine tradition of hard struggle from generation to generation. pass away 去世; pass out 失去知觉，昏倒; pass off 中止，停止。
4. 【答案】 C. though
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。though 尽管;与句意相符。
5. 【答案】D. case
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。case 情况，情景：I afterwards heard that this was not the case. (我后来听到，情况并非如此) If that is the case, I must as well try.(情况如果是这样，我也应该争取)本句译文：科学家和专家业已证明指纹的独特性并发现由父母传给子女的指纹没有完完全全相似的，尽管没有人知道为什么会这样。
6. 【答案】B. structure
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。structure (=way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.)构造，结构：the structure of the human body(人体构造)。construction 建造，建设;location 定位置;位置;position 1)位置：in position (在适当的位置)，out of position(不在适当的位置);2)地位，职位，工作。从上下文的意思来看，此处指一个人手指上脊的“构造”，故选 structure.
7. 【答案】A. with
【解析】本题测试结构搭配。with 在此处的含义是“随着”。
8. 【答案】D. superficial
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。superficial 表层的，符合题题，可以入选。grave 需要认真考虑的，严重的，严峻的;severe 严厉的，严重的;substantial 实质的;均不符合题意。
9. 【答案】D. outer
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。outer 外部的，外层的，其反义词是 inner; outside 在外面的，其反义词是 inside; outward 外面的，在外面的：the outward appearance of things(东西的外观)
备考题三：
As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”，or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our common-law system.
Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”，or discussions among a group of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.
Juries are used in both civil cases，which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.
The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others，they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.
1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather
2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority
3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock
4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated
5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing
6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over
7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as
8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart
9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While
10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations
11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake
12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities
13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private
14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying
15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned
16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed
17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned
18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides
19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective
20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units
备考题四：
Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .
The ridge 6 on a person’ finger doesn’t change 7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .
Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.
1. A. uselessnessB. quantityC. magnitudeD. uniqueness
2. A. naturally B. exactlyC. especiallyD. particularly
3. A. passed onB. passed awayC. passed outD. passed off
4. A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as
5. A. reasonB. causeC. groundD. case
6. A. constructionB. structureC. locationD. position
7. A. withB. because ofC. untilD. under
8. A. graveB. severeC. substantialD. superficial
9. A. outsideB. outwardC. innerD. outer
10. A. in timeB. on timeC. at timesD. behind time
11. A. originalB. differentC. definiteD. customary
12. A. restoredB. hurtC. destroyedD. restricted
13. A. diminishB. disposeC. undermineD. remove
14. A. andB. butC. whenD. if
15. A. makeB. takeC. doD. adapt
16. A. realizationB. detectionC. identificationD. investigation
17. A. In spite ofB. Irrespective ofC. Because ofD. In case of
18. A. suspectedB. doubtedC. distrustedD. doubtful
19. A. out of caseB. in vainC. at randomD. in question
20. A. lookB. expressionC. appearanceD. sight
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