公共英语一级阅读理解模拟试题及答案
模拟试题一：
Antinuclear Demonstration
Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5，000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States. More than 135，000 demonstrators confronted police on the construction site of a 1，000-megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New Hampshire. Organizers of the huge demonstration said， the protest was continuing despite the police actions. More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project. The demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area， would create thermal pollution in the bay， and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters. The demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would collapse.
Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years. “This project will begin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule. Those who break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with according to the law，” he said. And police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle the disturbances.
The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned-off construction site. They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes，” “Sunpower， Not Nuclear Power，” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril.” They defied police order to move from the area. Tear gas canisters fired by police failed to dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths. Finally gas-masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstrators one by one. The protestors did not resist police， but refused to walk away under their own power. Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly， trespassing， and disturbing the peace.
1. What were the demonstrators protesting about?
[A]Private profits.
[B]Nuclear Power Station.
[C]The project of nuclear power construction.
[D]Public peril.
2. Who had gas-masks?
[A]Everybody.
[B]A part of the protestors.
[C]Policemen.
[D]Both B and C.
3. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration?
[A]Public transportation.
[B]Public peril.
[C]Pollution.
[D]Disposal of wastes.
4. With whom were the jails and courts overloaded?
[A]With prisoners.
[B]With arrested demonstrators.
[C]With criminals.
[D]With protestors.
5. What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration?
[A]stubborn.
[B]insistent.
[C]insolvable.
[D]remissible.
Vocabulary
1.reverse 逆转
2.slide 滑坡
3.plague 瘟疫；折磨，困扰
4.tariff 关税
5.decry 谴责，诋毁
6.lever 杠杆；用杠杆撬动
7.crux 症结
8.ideologue 空想家，思想家
9.intact 原封不动的，完整无损的
10.investment credit 投资信贷
11.research grant 研究基金
写作方法与文章大意
这是一则有关反对核电站的群众抗议的新闻导报，采用对比手法。警方镇压；群众坚决抗议。第一段就写出了尽管警方释放催泪瓦斯，逮捕了5000多人，组织者申明抗议要继续下去，越来越多的抗议者参与对当局加压，想迫使其废除在当地建立核电站的计划。其理由是在人口密集地区建站不安全，在海湾产生热污染，核废料处理无有效方法。第二段叙述了州长大人坚决维护核电站的立场，不再考虑计划修改问题，三年内要完成核电站建设。届时，本州人民得益。对企图破坏计划实施而违法的人将以法处置。已集结全州警察加强对付这次捣乱。第三段讲了双方现场交战：星期五破晓，数千者（高举牌，上写：没有核电站就是好的核电站；不要核能，要太阳能等）冲过建设基地警察警戒线，警察用催泪瓦斯无效后，开始一个一个地抓逮者，被捕者将被控以非法集会、侵入和扰乱治安等罪名。
答案详解
1. C 抗议建设核电站计划。不是抗议核电站。
至于B. 核电站还未建，所以不对。
A. 私人利益 和
D. 公共危险，这些都是牌上之口号不是抗议的主攻方向。
2. D 双方。 最后一段第四行最后和第五行“抗议者准备了他们自己的防毒面具或面罩。最后，头戴防毒面具和头盔的警察冲进人群一个一个地抓逮者。”所以说两方面都有防毒面具。
3. A 公共交通运输。
B. 公共危险。
C. 污染。
D. 废料处理，是三个抗议的理由。
4. B 被逮捕的者。第一段最后一行“要继续下去直到州监牢和州法庭人满为患，从而使州司法体系垮台。”说明者准备去坐牢，决不服输的决心。而人多到监牢装不下证明州司法的问题。所以这里只能是被抓的者。
A. 犯人。
C. 罪犯。
D.抗议者。警察不可能抓所有的抗议者。关在牢里的.只能是被抓的者。
5. A 固执己见，冥顽不化。见第二段他坚持说核电站计划不用再考虑，三年内一定要建成，计划准时开始，本州人民到时候就能获益。对这些违法企图破坏计划的人依法惩处。并且从州内各处调集警察来处理这次“骚乱”。从语言到行动都说明，这位州长固执己见，顽固得很。
B. 坚持的。
C. 不能解决的。
D. 可宽恕的。
模拟试题二：
Superconducting Materials
The stone age， The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science —— once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new， practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture： from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth， the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics， glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.
The key to the new materials is researchers‘ increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics， for example， have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it， scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.
A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges， ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars， touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter， which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape， has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example， gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides， composites - plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds - made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat： a helmet saved an infantryman‘s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.
Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.
But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult， for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.
1. How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?
[A]Two
[B]Three
[C]Four
[D]Five
2. Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?
[A]To compare them with the new materials.
[B]To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.
[C]To compare the new materials to them.
[D]To explain his view point.
3. Why is transition difficult?
[A]Because transition requires money and time.
[B]Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.
[C]Because research on new materials is very difficult.
[D]Because it takes 10 years.
4. Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?
[A]It lies in research.
[B]It lies in investment.
[C]It lies in innovation.
[D]It lies in application.
Vocabulary
1. superstuff 超级材料
2.superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷
3. exotic 神奇的
4. shape 塑造，成型
5. brittleness 脆性
6. polymer 聚合体
7. karate jacket 空手道外衣
8. touch sensor 触及传感器
9. each punch and chop 每一个击、打
10. blot 玷污，损害风景的东西
11. tinker 修补，调整
12. amendable 服从于，遵循的
13. biodegradable 能生物递减分解的
14. six-pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物
15. decompose 分解
16. recyclable 可循环（使用的）
17. infantryman 步兵
18. deflect 使偏斜，使转向
19. a new twist 一个新的观点，方法
答案详解
1.B 三种超导材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具体讲这三种材料。第二段讲陶瓷：“新材料之关键在于研究工作者不断提高在分子水平上处理物质的能力。举陶瓷为例，由于它的 脆性，长期来应用范围有限。但是通过改善导致脆性的微小缺陷，科学家制造出一种保持原有硬度和抗热性，但坚实得多的陶瓷”。第三段讲塑料。“类似的转折发生在塑料上，高强度的塑料建成了桥梁、溜冰场、直升机的叶轮。一种震动或推动就能发电的新型塑料用于电子吉他上，触及传感塑料用于机械手和空手道外衣上，它能自动记录每次击打。”后面谈及塑料垃圾可以处理，或者制造可分解还原的塑料制品。塑料内加入其他化合物加强性能。第四段讲有些高级材料由新的改变，最新的光纤电缆由玻璃制成，透明度极高，100英里厚的一块其清晰度比一块普通窗玻璃还高。
2.B 说明这种新材料对未来世界的意义。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定会象生物工程和计算机一样将改变世界。”
A.把它们和新材料相比较，这里不仅仅是比较，而是说明三者都具同样的作用——改变世界。
C.把新材料比作它们。也不仅仅是比喻比拟。与A一样没有说到核心电。
D.说明他的观点。太笼统。
3.A 转折需要钱和时间。见最后一段“可是新材料只有制成产品才有影响，而这个转折可能很困难，因为转折需要长期的研究和投资。可以这么说，在不久的将来，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料转变成商品将决定一个国家之成败。”
B.因为许多制造商不愿改变他们的设备。
C.因为新材料的研究非常困难。
D.转折要华上十年时间。这三项文内没有涉及。
4.D 在超级材料时代已过之成功在于应用。
A.在于研究
B.在于投资。
C.在于革新。这三项都是应用的部分前提。其中A和B文内提到，C项文内未涉及。
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